Abstract:
The study of construction materials improvement and development have never been stopped in order to reduce the problems caused, improve the advantage of their properties, decrease cost or save the environment. It creates more value when the waste material can be applied to any purposes above. The research aims to study the controlled low strength material (CLSM) mixtures produced from manufacturing waste. The composition selected for this study are fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) collected form the Mae Moh power plant, and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) from demolished structures. An alkaline activator chosen is sodium hydroxide (NaOH) which is a strong base to activate the CLSM properties. The CLSM is utilized as pavement materials. This study focuses on the basic properties and mechanical properties. Samples were prepared by 10 molar NaOH solution as an alkaline activator. natural sand and bottom ash as the starting aggregate, which will be replaced by recycled concrete at ratios of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100. Each CLSM mixture was examined to observe basic properties of a slump, setting time, bleeding, and unit weight. The mechanical properties CLSM mixture were also tested to see the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), resilient modulus (MR). Beside, p-wave and s-wave velocities were studied by free-free resonant (FFR) method. The results of the basic property tests showed that replacement of recycled concrete affected the flow and initial setting time of the CLSM. The results of the mechanical properties indicate that an increase in RCA leads to a reduction in UCS and MR. The FFR test results, show that p-wave and s-wave velocities of CLSM increase in relation to longer curing time. Form all tests, the mechanical properties can be concluded that the mixture of AA10/BA75/RCA25 using 10 molar NaOH solution, BA replaced with 25% RCA is the most suitable mixture for applying int the pavement construction. The UCS value at 7 days of mixture AA10/BA75/RCA25 is 1,857 kPa achieving Thailand Department of Highways standard of 1,724 kPa. The UCS value at 28 days is 2.2 MPa achieving the requirement of ACI229R which specific UCS at 28 days shall be <8.3 MPa for pavement backfilling. In addition, the MR at 28 days of mixture AA10/BA75/RCA25 is 443 MPa reaching the recommendation of Austroad (2017) which shall be at least at 350 MPa.