Marginal abatement cost (MAC) of switching from diesel internal combustion engine vehicles (DICEVs) to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) : a case of Songthaews in Chiang Mai

Name: K. Poolsawat

Organization : Chiang Mai University. Program in Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Name: W. Wongsapai

Organization : Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council

Name: A. Promwungkwa

Organization : Chiang Mai University. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Name: W. Tachajapong

Organization : Chiang Mai University. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Name: W. Achariyaviriya

Organization : Chiang Mai University. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Name: P. Suttakul

Organization : Chiang Mai University. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

LCSH: Greenhouse gas mitigation -- Economic aspects

LCSH: Electric vehicles -- Government policy

LCSH: Direct costing

LCSH: Transportation -- Energy consumption

LCSH: Environmental policy

Abstract: Transportation is vital to daily life and national development. It accounts for approximately 40 percent of final energy consumption, primarily from fossil fuels used in road transportation, which directly impacts the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. To address this issue, Thailand has developed a nationally determined contribution (NDC) plan for 2021-2030. The transportation sector focuses on promoting electric vehicles with a goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 28.29 MtCO2eq by 2030. This study evaluates the marginal abatement cost (MAC) of greenhouse gas emissions from converting Chiang Mai’s red Songthaews (public transport vehicles) from diesel internal combustion engine vehicles (DICEVs) to two types of electric vehicles: (i) BEV-conversion (legacy vehicles about 20 years in service) and (ii) factory BEV (new vehicles with 2025 registration). MAC serves as an important tool for policy decision-making and prioritizing greenhouse gas reduction strategies. The study found that reducing greenhouse gas emissions by converting to BEV conversion vehicles costs -171.55 THB/tCO2eq, while conversion to factory BEV costs 80.66 THB/tCO2eq. The main factors affecting the MAC of each electric vehicle type are energy costs, battery replacement costs, and depreciation, respectively.

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok. Central Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: library@kmutnb.ac.th

Created: 2025

Modified: 2026-06-26

Issued: 2026-06-26

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BibliograpyCitation : In Thai Society of Mechanical Engineer (TSME) and Mahanakorn University of Technology (MUT). The 15th TSME International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (TSME-ICoME 2025) (ETM0004). Bangkok : Mahanakorn University of Technology

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