Effects of chloramphenicol and cultivation conditions on germination of Thai jasmine rice KDML 105 (Oryza Sativa L. cv. KDML 105) using phosphoproteomics analysis
Abstract:
Rice is an important crop that feeds more than half worlds population. The rice production is initiated from the seeds germination, so, the success of germination is crucial for the following production of rice. Chloramphenicol (CAM) inhibits germination of rice. However, the mechanism remains uncertain. Gaining insight into CAM's regulatory mechanism regarding rice germination is crucial for improving the yield of rice production. Protein phosphorylation is a major type of post-translational modification. It has been found that phosphate homeostasis, phytohormone signal transduction, nutrients absorption, salinity tolerance, and yield of rice are closely related to this process. In this study, we found seedling establishment, especially the roots, revealed sensitivity to CAM. To explore the regulatory mechanism phosphoproteomics analysis was employed. Shotgun proteomics analysis results imply that CAM suppress rice germination through its impact on the biosynthesis of malonyl-CoA and folic acid, as well as signal crosstalk between abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), brassinosteroid (BR), and hydrogen sulfide. On the other hand, plant roots are highly response to the environment. But the effects of frequently used indoor cultivation systems---deep water culture (DWC), water agar (WA), and vermiculite-based hydroponics (VBH) on maximum root length (MRL) of rice remain unknown. Our results show that the MRL of rice is affected by indoor cultivation systems, leading to substantial changes in various cellular compartments and affecting the biosynthesis and signaling of phytohormones and secondary metabolites. Moreover, the expression levels of several transcription regulators (PHD, AUX/IAA, mTERF) and protein kinases were markedly altered by the cultivation systems
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