Abstract:
The purposes of this research were to study the content of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka, the composition arrangement of 35 stories in Atthakatha Cariyapitaka, and the narrative techniques and narrative description of the Bodhisattvas Perfections Practice in Atthakatha Cariyapitaka in order to study the specific characteristics of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka. The analysis reveals that the content of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka is similar to the content of Atthakatha Jataka. The comparison of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka with Atthakatha Jataka is found that there are 3 re-narration techniques: 1) addition is renarration by giving content and details amplification, 2) alteration is re-narration by content and details alteration. And deletion is renarration by content and details deletion. Most technique that was found is deletion and the alteration is very rarely found. Those techniques do not affect the plot of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka to be different from plot of Atthakatha Jataka, but all techniques are supposed to display the clearness of the Bodhisattvas Perfections Practice which is the main purpose of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka. In term of the narrative style of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka is systematically arranged in the way of the narrative system of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka. It is found that Atthakatha Cariyapitaka is composed 4 parts: 1) background which can be divided into 2 types: Invocation of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka and Story of Buddha. 2) introduction 3) 35 stories narration of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka are composed of 12 situations :1) Background 2) Treasure getting 3) Commiseration 4) Desire 5) Desertion 6) Perfections Practice 7) Obstacle seeing 8) Persistence in a Perfections Practice 9) Help getting 10) Succeed in difficulty 11) Helping other 12) Preaching. And all situations are reasonable skipped and switched. 4) Ending can be divided into 3 types: Summary 35 stories narration of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka, Explanation of the Bodhisattvas Perfections Practice and Ending. The study of narration technique is found that there are 3 kind of narrations: non-character (omniscient point of view), character in the name of witness, Anonda and the main character, the Lord of Buddha. In the way of narrative time scheduled conduction can be divided into 2 ways: 1) step-by-step narration which can be switched between present and past and 2) summary and stop narration. In terms of story description has found into 2 methods: 1) metaphor; explicit metaphors, implicit metaphors and mix metaphors. 2) 4 Narrative styles; narrative, description, exposition and also argumentation. Narrative is used for the main way of story narration. Metaphor and Narrative styles are important to narrate to easy to understand the Bodhisattvas Perfections Practice in Atthakatha Cariyapitaka. The Bodhisattvas Perfections Practice in Atthakatha Cariyapitaka can be divided into 3 types levels: 1) ordinary perfections, sacrifice by making sacrifice personal properties child and wife, 2) superior perfections; sacrifice by making sacrifice his body and 3) supreme perfections, sacrifice by making sacrifice his life. The study is found that the Bodhisattvas Perfections Practice mostly occurred to 14 stories by the rules of easiest way to do, however the Bodhisattva have done all of Perfections Practice until become enlightened. The study of Atthakatha Cariyapitaka reveals that even if the narrative styles conception and some story are applied from Atthakatha Jataka, but it also has their own identity which related to the story objective that is the aims to narrate the attempt of the Bodhisattva perfection practice to help and release all living creatures. In this way, Atthakatha Cariyapitaka is treatise which took some stories of Atthakatha Jataka to re-narrate according to praise the Lord of Buddha who is being kind to all living creatures.