Abstract:
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) manifests as a mild decline in cognitive functions associated with aging, with the potential to progress to dementia. The Anti-Aging Remedy (AAR) from Thai traditional medicine aims to promote longevity, proving mechanisms in three phases. Phase 1: Prediction of significant pathways in the biological systems of AAR and MCI using Network Pharmacology. The study identified 178 bioactive compounds and 105 target proteins that passed screening. The top 10 target proteins in the network were GRB2, SRC, TP53, MAPK1, ESR1, PRKCA, STAT3, PIK3R1, FYN, and AKT1, and 37 significant pathways were found in the mechanism. Phase 2: Evaluation of AAR's antioxidant potential using TPC, DPPH assay, ABTS assay, and FRAP assay. The results indicated antioxidant effects at low doses and investigated the protective effects of AAR extracts on SH-SY5Y neurons induced by D-galactose-induced degeneration. While cell survival percentages did not exceed 80%. Phase 3: Assessment of AAR extract (500 mg/kg BW) on induced degeneration in ICR mice. Learning and memory were evaluated using the MWM, measuring the time to escape latency (EL) and the total time to spend platform (TTSP). Results showed that AAR affected learning and memory compared to control groups. Moreover, AAR exhibited improved learning behavior in weeks 3 and 4, although memory recall effects were unclear. In addition, there was a decrease in MDA levels in the brain when compared to the control group, but no discernible change in SOD levels.