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Panyawat Suriyapor. Estimation of water table fluctuation by time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography method in Ma Khun Wan subdistrict area, San Pa Tong district, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Master's Degree(Applied Geophysics). Chiang Mai University. Library. : Chiang Mai University, 2025.
Estimation of water table fluctuation by time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography method in Ma Khun Wan subdistrict area, San Pa Tong district, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
Abstract:
This thesis investigates groundwater level fluctuations using the water table fluctuation (WTF) method in combination with time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in Ma Khun Wan Subdistrict, San Pa Tong District, Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand. Ten 2D ERT profiles were collected across three seasonal periods, winter (December 2021), summer (March 2022), and rainy season (June 2022), to evaluate the potential of ERT as an alternative method for estimating groundwater recharge in areas lacking observation wells. The workflow consists of (1) identifying groundwater level boundaries from inverted resistivity models across each time period and (2) calculating water table differences (Δh) and estimating recharge rates (R) using the WTF method, assuming a specific yield (Sy) of 1.69. Inversion was performed using EarthImager™ 2D and CGINV2D_ERT, and the results were interpreted to identify water table changes and compare them with monitoring well data (CM245). The interpreted Δh from ERT Line 03 was 0.2463 meters, compared to 0.4563 meters from the CM245 monitoring well. Recharge estimates were calculated as 0.0462 mm/day for ERT and 0.0857 mm/day from the well, resulting in a 46.09% difference. This discrepancy highlights the limitation of ERT for precise recharge estimation, especially in areas with anthropogenic noise. Local noise and inversion artifacts may also contribute to inaccuracies. Despite the limitations, the combination of time-lapse ERT and WTF offers a potential alternative for groundwater monitoring in data-scarce regions. Future improvements in survey design and resolution, especially with better targeting of aquifer structures, may enhance its reliability and applicability for hydrological assessment and groundwater resource management.