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Damrongsak Tadwong. Modernization and modernity as represented in Uthis Haemamool's The Brotherhood of Kaeng Khoi. Master's Degree(English and Communication). Chiang Mai University. Library. : Chiang Mai University, 2019.
Modernization and modernity as represented in Uthis Haemamool's The Brotherhood of Kaeng Khoi
Abstract:
This research aims to explore and analyze the impacts of modernization and modernity in Thai society from the 1960s to the 1990s as represented in Uthis Haemamool's The Brotherhood of Kaeng Khoi towards the major characters portrayed in the novel in regards to various aspects, including the impacts of dreams, aspirations, political consciousness, gender and sexuality, and Buddhism and traditional beliefs. This study utilizes the conceptual frameworks of modernization and modernity derived from classical modernization theory to analyze how modernization and modernity have profoundly impacted characters in aforementioned aspects. Also, the concept of multiple maternities and socio-cultural contexts of Thailand during the modernizing period as alluded in the novel is investigated. It is found that one of the major impacts of modernization is manifested in the main characters' drive towards economic success in the hope of fulfilling their materialistic dreams and aspirations. These characters are highly motivated to climb the social ladder and pursue their economic dreams and aspirations. Some characters can be viewed as representations of those who are successful profiting from the new opportunities offered by modernization. However, some characters could not pursue their economic success because of the downsides of modernization. In addition. the issues of gender and sexuality concerned with the husband and wife relationship, the novel reveals that characters of husbands and wives are still typically represented in terms of the traditional concept of gender in Thailand in the past according to the normative roles and duties of men and women as defined by social norms. However, some female characters are distinctively portrayed for not thoroughly conforming to the traditional gender roles of being submissive and dependent on her husbands, but they are portrayed as competent in coping with publicity as men. Finally, the analysis demonstrates that there is a strong belief of Thai Buddhism and traditional beliefs concerned with superstation among characters in which Thai Theravada Buddhism is in the central component, while animism also supports harmoniously under the context of Thai Buddhism