Toughness improvement of polybenzoxazine by blending with glycidyl methacrylate-grafted natural rubber

Name: Yadapa Wasikarat

Organization : Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Engineering

Name: Panyawutthi Rimdusit

Organization : Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Engineering

Name: Sarawut Rimdusit

Organization : Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Engineering

Email : sarawut.r@chula.ac.th

keyword: Polybenzoxazine

LCSH: Rubber

; Natural rubber

LCSH: Glycidyl methacrylate

; Polymer blends

LCSH: Graft copolymers

; Toughness (Materials)

Abstract: Benzoxazine resin is a thermoset polymer with high thermal stability, high mechanical properties, and no by-products or volatile substances released in the curing process, but its brittleness poses a challenge. This research focuses on improving toughness of polybenzoxazine (PBA-a) using deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The BA-a was synthesized with bisphenol A, formaldehyde, and aniline. The DPNR grafted with GMA (DPNR-g-GMA) was confirmed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and grafting efficiency (%GE) was determined via gravimetric method through Soxhlet extraction. Our preliminary results show that the peak positions at 1080 cm⁻¹ were related to the epoxide group, which confirmed the success of GMA grafting onto DPNR, while %GE reached 95% with GMA content at 15 phr. The obtained BA-a blended with DPNR-g-GMA (PBA-a/DPNR-g-GMA) containing different amounts of DPNR-g- GMA of 0-20 wt% were prepared by mechanical mixing at 120 °C at 250 rpm for 30 min, followed by curing steps in an oven at 130 °C for 3 h, 150 °C for 2 h, 180 °C for 1 h, and 200°C for 3 h. The effects of rubber content on the glass transition temperature (Tg) and storage modulus (E’) of PBA-a/DPNR-g-GMA were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis. It was found that Tg increased with rubber content, while E’ and mechanical strength decreased due to the soft nature of rubber, indicating a trade-off between enhanced flexibility and reduced rigidity. These results highlight the potential of GMA-grafted natural rubber to toughen PBA-a.

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok. Central Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: library@kmutnb.ac.th

Created: 2025

Modified: 2025-07-22

Issued: 2025-07-22

บทความ/Article

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BibliograpyCitation : In Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry and Khon Kaen University. Faculty of Engineering. The 34th Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry International Conference (TIChE 2025) (TIChE 2025 TIChE-AM-11). Bangkok : Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering And Applied Chemistry, 2025

eng

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