Abstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to study the Ratnāvalī of Ven. Nāgārjuna. The content scope is philosophical and ethical concepts in scripture, translated from Giuseppe Tuccis Sanskrit texts. But due to the loss of Sanskrit verses, therefore, translation from the English version is important to fulfill the content and to analyze the Ratnāvalī scripture, philosophical arguments, including ethics. The results showed that The Ratnāvalī is written to destroy the orthodox views of the opponent and to offer new options. This is a latter for his friend, King Gautamiputra Shatakarani, who was a ruler of the Satavahana Empire in the 1st or 2nd century CE, and who is apostate of Buddhism, that his parents respected. The philosophical concepts in the Ratnavali scriptures, known as The Middle way (Mādhyamika) and The Emptiness (śūnyatā). To these things happen from an understanding to dependent origination (Pratītyasamutpāda) including the two truths doctrine viz. the empirical truth (saṃvṛtisatya), ultimate truth (paramārthasatya). The ethics in Ratnāvalī are the Buddhist practice, which aims to attain Three benefits viz. The good to be won in this life, the good to be won in the next life, and the highest good: final goal. From analysis, the practice in Ratnāvalī doesnt different from Buddhist Scriptures (Tripitaka), because of its closeness to Theravada Buddhism, and has presented the practices follow the type of person viz. Householders practice, Monarchs practice, Monastic practice, and Bodhisattvas practice