Improvement of grain shape, amylose content and aroma in Myanmar rice cultivar Sinthukha by using marker-assisted modified baccross methods

Name: Cho, Khin Sandar

LCSH: Kasetsart University -- Theses. M.S. (Tropical Agriculture) 2019

Classification :.LCCS: SB191.R5

LCSH: Kasetsart University. -- Faculty of Agriculture -- Theses

LCSH: Rice -- Burma

LCSH: Gene

Abstract: Grain quality of rice is one of the main determinants of market price and acceptance by consumers. Grain appearance, amylose content, and aroma are important qualities for consumers’ preference. Two marker-assisted modified backcross methods were used to evaluate the efficiency of these two approaches in the introgression of the genes for grain shape, amylose content and aroma into Sinthukha cultivar using Pathum Thani 1 (PTT1) variety as donor parent. In this study, BC1F1 and BC1F2 populations were generated for two methods. In the pseudo-backcross approach, the plants were selected for donor alleles of waxy and fragrance genes by the genotypic selection, grain shape trait by phenotypic selection and the highest percentage of recurrent genome content (%RGC) by background selection using AFLP markers. For the backcross-pedigree method, genotypic selection for choosing the plants with donor alleles of waxy and fragrance genes and exclusion of the plants with lower %RGC in BC1F1 generation and phenotypic evaluation for selecting the plants with three donor traits, and good agronomic performance in BC1F2 population were performed. The progenies with 84 %RGC and 92 %RGC were selected in BC1F1 and BC1F2 populations, respectively and these selected plants possessed heterozygous alleles in fragrance and waxy genes, medium slender grain, similar plant type and yield performance as Sinthukha in pseudo-backcross approach. Top 5 progenies with heterozygous alleles in fragrance and waxy genes and high %RGC (75-84%) in BC1F1 generation and, 4 progenies with long slender grain, low amylose content, aroma and similar agronomic performance as two parents in BC1F2 generation were selected for backcross-pedigree method. In this study, the pseudo-backcross approach was useful in the introgression of low amylose content and aroma from PTT1 into Sinthukha and could accelerate the backcross breeding program through the combination of marker-assisted foreground and background selections. The backcross-pedigree method was also effective to improve the grain shape, amylose content and aroma of Sinthukha by the combination of genotypic and phenotypic selections through reducing the population size in the selection process.

Kasetsart University. Office of the University Library

Address: Bangkok

Email: tdckulib@ku.ac.th

Name: Tanee Sreewongchai

Role: Thesis Advisor

Created: 2019

Modified: 2025-07-07

Issued: 2025-07-07

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

URL: https://www.lib.ku.ac.th/KUthesis/2562/cho-khi-all.pdf

CallNumber: SB191.R5 .C46

eng

Spatial: Burma.

DegreeName: Master of Science

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Tropical Agriculture

Grantor: Kasetsart University

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