Whitefly transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus and integrated pest management for beating the virus in tomato

Name: Sopana Yule

LCSH: Kasetsart University -- Dissertations. Ph.D. (Agricultural Research and Development) 2019

Classification :.LCCS: SB608.T75

LCSH: Kasetsart University. -- Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen -- Dissertations

LCSH: Tomatoes -- Diseases and pests

LCSH: Plant viruses

LCSH: Aleyrodidae

Abstract: Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV) transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), has caused serious yield loss of tomato in Thailand for more than three decades. An approach on insect vector control to suppress virus transmission and reduce infection is top priority. The integrated pest management (IPM) strategies are good choices to help decrease the overuse of pesticide by farmers. This study characterized begomovirus species causing yellow leaf curl diseases in tomato, classified B. tabaci genetic group, and determined its capability to transmit TYLCTHV to tomato and pepper. Alternative IPM practices were evaluated and IPM programs developed. Two isolates of TYLCTHV in tomato and the body of B. tabaci were identified based on DNA-A nucleotide sequence. Both viral DNA-A contained 2756 nucleotides with typical characteristics of TYLCTHV genome. They shared 99.09% identity to each other and 97.73% highest identity to the previous TYLCTHV record in GenBank. Based on nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene, the predominant genetic group of B. tabaci from tomato and pepper were classified as Asia I, while the minor was Asia II-6. Results of virus transmission tests indicated that B. tabaci Asia I transmitted TYLCTHV from tomato to tomato at 90–100%, but tomato to pepper at 55–90%, while the infected pepper plants were symptomless. In contrast, the transmission rate of TYLCTHV from pepper to tomato was nil, indicating that TYLCTHV containedpepper was not a potential source plant for TYLCTHV transmission to tomato crop. It was shown by PCR that 58.89–80% and 60–89.45% of B. tabaci Asia I being fed on diseased tomato and pepper, respectively, contained TYLCTHV DNA in their bodies. Providing 10, 50 and 100% density of viruliferous whiteflies for TYLCTHV transmission on tomato resulted in the same virus infection percentage. The tests for influence of TYLCTHV-infected tomato on whitefly development revealed more egg numbers on leaves of diseased plant. Evaluation of the IPM practices on tomato using healthy seedling, cover mulching, yellow sticky trap, maize barrier crop and sequential application of bio- and chemical pesticides, showed variable efficacy to reduce whiteflies population or disease incidence as compared to the untreated control. Sequential application of bio-pesticides including neem extract, petroleum oil, Paecilomyces lilacinus combined with thiamethoxam or neem extract followed by petroleum oil, or Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae or P. lilacinus showed the same disease incidence levels to the treatments of chemical pesticides alone. In our study bio-pesticides provided beneficial efficacy similar to chemical pesticides, and being counted as alternative practices for beating the virus as well as increase marketable yield of tomato.

Kasetsart University. Office of the University Library

Address: Bangkok

Email: tdckulib@ku.ac.th

Name: Pissawan Chiemsombat

Role: Thesis Advisor

Created: 2019

Modified: 2025-06-27

Issued: 2025-06-27

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: SB608.T75 .S67

eng

DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophy

Level: Doctoral Degraee

Descipline: Agricultural Research and Development

Grantor: Kasetsart University

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