Abstract:
Effect of canopy training and pruning system to quantity of edible mulberry fruit (Morus alba var. Chiangmai) in 2 area. After training a branch is T-Type and pruning branch is 1. Like a fishbone (Control) 2. Cut the old branches for change a new branches (Cane) and 3. Cut new branches keep leave bud 13 bud (Spur) on 4 weeks. This research found that, at the Office of Agricultural Research and Extension Maejo University, pruning with spur gave the highest percentage of bud breaking and flowering is 88.00 and 237.58 buds, respectively. And then the mulberry fruit is ripe after harvesting. Have analyzed the data and found that pruning with spur gave the highest to average yield per branch is 143.66 fruits and yield per plant is 1,206.66 fruits and average fruit weight per plant is 4,143.65 grams. Pruning with cane gave the highest to average fruit weight per fruit is 3.43 and average fruit weight per branch is 15.80 grams. As for the pruning of the fishbone (Control) gave the lowest to quantity and weight of mulberry. At the Royal Agricultural Station Pang Da found that pruning with spur gave the highest percentage of bud breaking and flowering is 97.40 and 531.60 buds, respectively. And when the mulberry fruit is ripe after harvesting, have analyzed the data and found that pruning with spur gave the highest to average yield per branch is 121.60 fruits and yield per plant is 554.60 fruits. Pruning with cane gave the highest to average fruit weight per fruit is 2.30 grams, average fruit weight per branch is 17.86 grams and average fruit weight per plant is 1,088.70 grams. As for the pruning of the fishbone (Control) gave the lowest to quantity and weight of mulberry. The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on fruit quality of mulberry were studied. The PGRs were Brassinosteroids (BRs) at concentrations 0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L, Gibberellic acid (GA₃) concentrations at 0, 30 and 50 mg/L, and Auxin 3,5,6-TPA (Maxim®) concentrations at 0, 20 and 30 mg/L. The PGRs applications were spraying at 7 days after flower bud breaking. The results showed that at the Office of Agricultural Research and Extension Maejo University, BRs concentrations at 1.0 mg/L gave the highest TSS/TA is 17.96 percent and Vitamin C is 4.50 mg/100 gFW. While 3,5,6-TPA concentrations at 20 mg/L gave the highest TSS is 12.16 °Brix. 3,5,6-TPA concentrations at 30 mg/L gave the highest %TA is 1.54 percent and Anthocyanin is 187.71 mg/100 gFW. Effect of GA₃ gave the lowest in quality and chemical composition within mulberry fruit. However, PGRs applications had no effect on fruit weight, fruit size, color of fruit and Total Phenolic Compounds. The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on fruit quality of mulberry at the Royal Agricultural Station Pang Da found that BRs concentrations at 0.5 mg/L gave the highest TA is 1.33 percent. BRs concentrations at 1.0 mg/L gave the highest TSS is 10.50 percent and TSS/TA is 13.60 percent. While 3,5,6-TPA concentrations at 20 mg/L gave the highest Anthocyanin is 130.59 mg/100 gFW. Spraying water (Control) gave the highest Total Phenolic Compound is 1,416.46 mg GAE/gFW and Vitamin C is 5.00 mg/100 gFW. Effect of GA₃ gave the lowest in quality and chemical composition within mulberry fruit. However, PGRs applications had no effect on fruit weight, fruit size and color of fruit. The weather conditions that affect bud breaking and flowering of mulberry have analyzed the data and found that an area 300 high above sea level have average temperature of 21.2833.76 °C. The average relative humidity in the air is 63.1391.23 percent. And the average rainfall is 3.233.70 millimeters. Is a suitable weather for bud breaking and flowering of mulberry. However, should provide replacement water during the absence of rainwater to stimulate the bud breaking and should water until harvesting.