Transformational Leadership of Administrators Affecting Teacher Competency in The 21st Century Based on Teacher Professional Standards under Sakon Nakhon Primary Educational Service Area Office 3
Abstract:
This research aimed to examine, compare, and determine the relationship, identify the predictive power, and establish guidelines for developing administrators transformational leadership that affected teacher competency in the 21st century based on teacher professional standards under Sakon Nakhon Primary Educational Service Area Office 3. The sample group, obtained through a multi-stage random sampling method, consisted of 324 participants, including 74 school administrators and 250 teachers in the 2024 academic year. The sample size was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan table. The research instruments included questionnaires and interview forms. The research instruments comprised two sets of 5-level rating scale questionnaires: one assessing administrators transformational leadership, with a discrimination power ranging from 0.275 to 0.746 and a reliability of 0.849, and the other evaluating teacher competency in the 21st century based on teacher professional standards, with a discrimination power ranging from 0.270 to 0.768 and a reliability of 0.947. The statistics used in data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, One-Way ANOVA, Scheffes method, Pearsons product-moment correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The research results found that:
1. Administrators transformational leadership was overall at a high level.
2. Teacher competency in the 21st century based on teacher professional standards was overall at a high level.
3.-4. Administrators transformational leadership and teacher competency in the 21st century, based on professional teaching standards, showed no differences overall or in each aspect in terms of participants positions and work experience. However, both measures revealed significant differences at the 0.01 level of significance when analyzed by school sizes, both overall and in each aspect.
5. Administrators transformational leadership and teacher competency in the 21st century based on teacher professional standards showed a positive relationship at the 0.01 level of significance, with a high level (rxy = 0.823**).
6. Administrators transformational leadership could predict teacher competency in the 21st century based on teacher professional standards at the 0.01 level of significance, comprising four aspects: idealized influence, being a visionary in change, intellectual stimulation, and building charisma and being a good role model. Only one aspect, individualized consideration, achieved the 0.05 level of significance. These variables could jointly predict at 69.00 percent with a standard error of prediction equal to ±0.19546.
7. The guidelines for developing administrators transformational leadership affecting teacher competency in the 21st century based on teacher professional standards comprised five aspects: 1) individual consideration, administrators should accept individual differences; 2) intellectual stimulation, administrators should motivate teachers to achieve goals; 3) building charisma and being a good role model, administrators should be respectable and admirable role models; 4) individualized influence, administrators should possess a broad vision; and 5) being a visionary for change, administrators should align vision with societal context.