Paweena Kongsanan. Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistant salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli from poultry and human isolates. Doctoral Degree(Medical Microbiology). Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center. : Mahidol University, 2015.
Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistant salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli from poultry and human isolates
Abstract:
Food animal industry is important for the development of every country. Several classes of antibiotic agents are used in poultry farming to prevent economic loss suffered from infectious diseases. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistant Salmonella and Escherichia coli in chicken, poultry farmers, and patients. A total of 121 Salmonella and 97 E. coli isolated were collected from Khon Kean, Ratchaburi and Phayao provinces in 2012-2013. Salmonella and E. coli from chicken showed a high rate of resistance to nalidixic acid and tetracycline. A total of 64% of Salmonella and E. coli were positive for intI1 by using specific primers for intI1. Resistance genes identified in this study were aadA2 (conferring resistance to aminoglycosides), sat (to streptothricin), blaPSE-1(to β-lactams), dhfr12 (to trimethoprim), and lnuF (to lincosamide). Twenty-three Salmonella and 6 E. coli isolates with resistance to nalidixic were selected for studies gyrA and parC. Amino acid substitutions in S83 and D87 of the target site, GyrA, were predominant in this study. Among 121 Salmonella isolates, 15 serotypes were found and the most common was S. Enteritidis. IncI1 and IncA/C were the common plasmid replicon types among Salmonella isolates, while IncFIB type was predominant in E. coli isolates. Interestingly, IncFIB was commonly found in (6%) Salmonella and (54%) E. coli bacteremia patients, and also found in (59%) chicken and (20%) farmer isolates. The clonal relationship between chicken and human isolates was demonstrated by molecular typing methods, including plasmid profile typing, ERIC-PCR, PFGE and HiMLST. HiMLST showed the spread of ST11 clonal among chicken and human isolates. This study showed possible outbreak of Salmonella in Thailand, and link between resistant bacteria from poultry farms and from food chain via vertical (clonal spread) and horizontal (gene spread) transmission. The antimicrobial agent control policy in animal farming should be strengthened in order to reinstate infection control and prevent the spread of resistant bacteria.