Abstract:
This research entitled aims at study Parivāsakamma in Buddhist scripture and to study of Parivāsakamma retreat effecting to insight meditation practice. It was a documentary research by study from main Theravada Buddhist scriptures, i.e. Tipitaka, its commentaries, other related texts, then the researcher analyzed and compiled in descriptive style finally reviewed by advisor.
From the study, it revealed that Parivāsakamma means reimbursement, probation performance, it is the name of Vuṭṭhānavidhī or the way out of offence which is the first process done by Bhikkhus who have committed an offense and hiden it, wishing to exit from such offense. They must practice the probation by number of hidden days. During the time of Parivāsa practice, Bhikkhus who committed the hard-ecclesiastical offence classified as Garukāpatti but being resolvable called as Satekicchā must behave in rule called Parivāsikavata 94. Sanghādisesa means an ecclesiastical offence which depends on Sangha for beginning and the rest actions. The probation must be counted with number of covered days and more for 6 days. Both steps depend on Sangha resembled at least 20 Bhikkhus in Sangha assembly for accomplished declaration of Sanghādisesa. The last step called as Abbhāna or Ñatti citation 1 time, and Anusāvanā 3 times included 4 times is called as Ñatticatutthakammavācā. After complete probation, Bhikkhus became purified from probation.
The study probation practice effecting to insight meditation was that those Bhikkhus should purify their mind before by such probation performance because it helps Bhikkhus to reduce conceit, wrong views and providing clear mind, doubtlessness, being malleable and to show confession on offense to Sanghas accepting. Without or mistake probation performance, Bhikkhus will get stuck on such Sangha and offense. Due to moral acts are disciplinary for subduing some sensual pleasure and crackers called Adhicittasikkhā, suppressing hindrances, the obstacle of absorption. It can not lead higher meditation. With broken disciplines, one cannot lead to absorption as being a base of mental progress for insight cultivation. With right Parivāsa, Manatta and Abbhāna, Bhikkhus can escape from offense, preventing some defilements occurring at present and future, then cultivating insight for enlightenment or Nibbana, completing Sanghas affairs as normal Bhikkhus do in Buddhism.