Abstract:
Teachers play a vital role in managing an innovative classroom (IC) that supports students' learning and skills. The present study aimed to get a better understanding of teachers IC practices and classify them into groups to offer them better relevant resources for improving their IC. This study thus 1) investigated teachers' IC using latent class analyses (LCA); 2) analyzed and classified teachers' IC using 4 criteria i.e., teachers background variable, raw scores on IC, factor scores on IC, and classes from the LCA; 3) examined factors affecting the class of teachers' IC, 4) developed Shiny R for analyzing and classify teachers' IC, and 5) proposed guidelines for developing and promoting teachers IC. Data were collected from 386 secondary school teachers from the Office of the Basic Education Commission, using 5-point rating scales. Some key findings were summarized as follows: 1) The participant teachers had a high level of IC. Those teachers from extra-large and large schools had significantly higher levels of IC than those from medium schools (F(4, 382) = 2.91, p = .005, ES = .035). 2) Grouping teachers based on their IC raw scores, factor scores moderately correlated with the LCA classes (rraw(384) = .846, p < .001, rfs (384) = .871, p < .001), while grouping by the background variable (e.g., teachers experience on ICT training) seemed to poorly correlate with the other methods. 3) After considering results 1 & 2 above, this study chose the 3-class solution from the LCA (Entropy = .93, LL = -6795.70, BLRT = 715.83, LMRA = 708.942) to classify the teachers into 3 groups/classes, i.e., Beginning IC, Developing IC, and Advanced IC. Those teachers from large schools with high scores on the innovative teaching and innovative climate had a higher chance to be classified to the Advanced IC class. 4) The proposed Shiny R application consisted of 4 sections, i.e., Direction, Self-Assessment Scale on IC, Dashboard, and Learning Resources. After trying out the application, the users were satisfied and considered it as a helpful and effective tool for promoting the teacher's IC. 5) The total of 25 guidelines for developing and promoting IC were proposed specifically for each class.