Chayanisa Phutiyothin. Development of human serum albumin nanoparticles encapsulating recombinant human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor against ischaemia/reperfusion-induced vascular endothelial cell injury. Master's Degree(Biomedical Engineering). Chiang Mai University. Library. : Chiang Mai University, 2023.
Development of human serum albumin nanoparticles encapsulating recombinant human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor against ischaemia/reperfusion-induced vascular endothelial cell injury
Abstract:
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the pathophysiological cause of ischemic heart disease (IHD), which is a leading cause of death globally. I/R injury impacts and damages vascular endothelial cells as well as cardiomyocytes, leading to endothelial dysfunction and then worsening cardiac injury. Previous studies have shown that secretory leukocyte protease inhibitors (SLPI) could provide cardio- and vasculo-protective benefits against I/R injury. However, SLPI can be destroyed by circulating enzymes and has a short half-life, meaning there are clinical limitations to using SLPI as a therapeutic agent. To overcome these limitations, studies have been conducted on human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles for recombinant human SLPI delivery but not on vascular endothelial cells subjected to I/R injury. In this study, HSA nanoparticles were fabricated using the nanoprecipitation method. Subsequently, rhSLPI-HSA nanoparticles were generated by adding 150 µl of SLPI (1 µg/µl) to human serum albumin to produce particles. Then, the size and zeta potential of blank-HSA and rhSLPI nanoparticles were measured by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results showed that the size of HSA-NPs and rhSLPI-HSA-NPs was 131.7 nm and 250.2 nm, respectively. The zeta potentials of blank-HSA nanoparticles and rhSLPI-nanoparticles were -15.27 mV and -13.83 mV, respectively. Afterward, the cytotoxicity of both types of nanoparticles was examined on human vascular endothelial cell lines (EA.hy 926) by an MTT assay. The results showed that there was no toxicity from either type of nanoparticle on the vascular endothelial cells. The percentage of HSA-NPs that encapsulated rhSLPI was 5.194%, and there was no released rhSLPI from rhSLPI-HSA-NPs, as determined by ELISA. In addition, the rhSLPI-HSA-NPs have been shown to inhibit the protease enzyme by the anti-trypsin activity assay. The optimal concentrations for rhSLPI-HSA-NPs were 1 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml, which could significantly increase cell survival from sI/R. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate that rhSLPI-encapsulated human serum albumin nanoparticles provide a vasculo-protective effect against an in vitro simulated I/R-induced vascular endothelial cell injury.