Preliminary characterization of crude extracts from Phallus Indusiatus mushroom

Name: Thanyarat Saejung

keyword: Mushroom Extracts

MeSH: Ganoderma lucidum -- Extracts -- 303062

Classification :.DDC: e-Theses

; Natural Moisturizing Factors

MeSH: Glycosaminoglycans -- 303063

MeSH: Hyaluronic acid -- 303064

LCSH: Ganoderma lucidum -- Extracts -- 303062

LCSH: Glycosaminoglycans -- 303063

LCSH: Hyaluronic acid -- 303064

Abstract: Dermatological conditions such as dry skin, skin aging and diabetic skin have affected more than 50% of the elder population. The main problem is related to the skin dehydration caused by the increased transepidermal water loss. This is linked with the loss of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in the weakened GAGs-collagen interactions, and so the large cellular spacing. GAGs supplements such as hyaluronic acid (HA) has emerged as promising solution. So far, the HA sources are based on bacterial fermentation or animal tissue extraction. Due to low recovery yield and toxic protein impurity, medical use of these HA sources is still limited. This study reported an alternative HA source derived from Phallus indusiatus (P. indusiatus) mushroom. The mushroom has long been used in Chinese alternative medicines due to its high nutritional values with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Several active compounds, such as allantoin, glucuronic acid and HA, were reported to be found in the exogeneous mucus crude extracts of this mushroom. However, there has been no real scientific study to confirm the HA constituent. To clarify this ambiguity, the mucus mushroom was partially purified by an aqueous refluxing at an elevated temperature, followed by acidification (pH = pI) and ethanol precipitation. The four fractions were obtained; S1 (water-soluble), S2 (proteins), L1 (ethanol-insoluble polysaccharides) and L2 (ethanol-soluble polysaccharides). Among these fractions, the L1 and L2 fractions had the impressively high carbohydrate/protein mass ratio (> 9), suggesting the great potential of an alternative HA source. Structural analysis by IR and NMR techniques revealed the characteristic peaks signals of glucuronic acid (GlcA) in the samples (O-H stretching; 3306-3354 cm-1, C=O stretching; 1558-1607 cm-1, O-H bending; 1404-1417 cm-1, 1H-NMR peaks at 3.1-3.8 ppm, 13C-NMR peaks at; 92-102 ppm, 69-85 ppm). The signals of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) were also detected in both L1 and L2 fractions (1H-NMR peaks at 21 ppm, 13C-NMR peaks at; 92-102 ppm, 59-61 ppm). The results thus implied the presence of HA-like compounds in both L1 and L2 fractions. The appearance of the second-step thermal decomposition at 218-250 °C, corresponding to the sugar glycosidic bond cleavage also proved the existence of polysaccharide unit. Approximation of the polymer molecular weight (MW) was performed by comparing the rheological profiles of the mushroom fractions and the HA standard. A similar critical shear viscosity (2,300-2,400 Pas) for both L1 and the standard suggested that they may have the same MW ranges (1,500-1,800 kDa). Results by an agar disc diffusion study indicated that all mushroom extracts (10 mg/mL) did not show any antibacterial activity against the three bacterial strains (S. aureus, S. epidermidis and Ps. Aeruginosa), as convinced by the absence of the zone of inhibition. Nonetheless, the L1 fraction (0.625 mg/mL) showed an impressive antioxidant activity, reaching to the inhibitory effect of around 57% (0.625 mg/mL) and the IC50 value of 3.52 mg/mL. Furthermore, all mushroom fractions displayed insignificant toxicity towards human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells. At 2,000 g/m, the HDF viability exceeded 115% (L1 fraction) and 108% (L2 fraction), higher than that of the control samples. The mushroom extracts thus represent an ideal candidate for modern therapeutics and medical applications.

Mae Fah Luang University. Learning Resources and Educational Media Center

Address: CHIANG RAI

Email: library@mfu.ac.th

Name: Patchara Punyamoonwongsa

Role: Advisor

Created: 2022

Modified: 2023-06-09

Issued: 2023-06-09

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: e-Theses

eng

DegreeName: Master of Science

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Applied Chemistry

Grantor: Mae Fah Luang University

©copyrights Mae Fah Luang University

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