Abstract:
Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease and is one of the top public health problems in all countries around the world. A healthy eating habit is important to have better glycemic control. The purposes of this research were to develop and to examine an eating inhibition control training (EIC) program by using Barkeys behavioral inhibition model for people with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The participants consisted of 81 uncontrolled T2DM patients in Wangsomboon district, Sakaeo Province, who were randomly assigned to one of three groups (27 per group). The research design was a 3X3 factorial pre-test and post-test design. The research process consisted of four steps including 1) development of EIC training program 2) development of EIC and eating behaviors (EB) testing instruments 3) screening participants 4) investigation of EIC program on eating behaviors in people with uncontrolled T2DM. Instruments included 1) an interview form 2) ELISA test kit 3) medical equipment and 4) the EIC program, a program consisting of 11 activities lasting over 12 weeks. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including repeated-measures ANOVA, paired t test, One Way ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Pearsons correlation coefficient. Results showed that all of the groups presented significant increases in total mean scores of EIC and EB after both 8 weeks and 12 weeks of training. Moreover, the mean scores of EIC and EB of experimental group 1 were significantly higher than those of experimental group 2 and the control group. At the 8 weeks after training mark, experimental group 1 exhibited significant reductions in HbA1c, LDL-C, triglyceride (TG), cortisol, insulin and ghrelin levels. In addition, it was found that experimental group 1 presented a lower level of HbA1c when compared to experimental group 2 and to the control group. Furthermore, positive correlations between EIC and EB, TG and LDL-C, cortisol and ghrelin, and insulin and leptin were found. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the EIC program was most effective for improving eating inhibition control and eating behavior for people with uncontrolled T2DM, and could be used as a guideline for diabetes mellitus.