Effectiveness of self-management program on food consumption and fluid restriction behaviors and clinical outcomes among patients with congestive heart failure
Abstract:
Patients with heart failure are frequently rehospitalized because of volume overload and its complication; however, appropriate self-management will prevent volume overload, reduce complication, and decrease severity of illness. This quasi-experimental research was conducted to examine the effects of the self-management program related to food consumption and restriction of drinking water. Participants included patients with heart failure and volume overload who admitted in the hospital. Forty participants were recruited and randomly assigned into the experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). The experimental group received the Self-management program which consisted of knowledge, self-management skill training, goal setting, action plan collaborating, self-monitoring, feedback and evaluating, and continuing family support, whereas the control group received usual care. Outcomes were evaluated at week 0 and 6 by questionnaires of food consumption behavior and perceived severity of clinical symptoms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Independent t-test, Paired t-test, and ANCOVA. Results revealed that 6 weeks after the experiment, there were statistically significant higher mean scores of food consumption behavior than before the experiment and higher than those in the control group (t= -10.625, p< .01; F = 160.15, p< .001 respectively). In addition, the results were found the mean scores of perceived severity of clinical symptoms lower than baseline and in the control group (t= 16.084, p< .01; F = 8.41, p= .006 respectively). From research results, this Self-management program influenced on volume overload and severity of clinical outcomes, therefore this Self-management program should be implemented to patients with heart failure in order prevent further volume overload and its complication.