Effect of cellulose extraction method on properties of molded pulp tray from sugarcane straw

Name: Kittaporn Ngiwngam

Address: 333 Moo1, Thasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100

Organization : School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University

Email : library@mfu.ac.th

keyword: Sugarcane Straw Fiber

ThaSH: Extraction (Chemistry)

; Chemical Pulping

ThaSH: Cellulose

; Steam Explosion

ThaSH: Cellulose fibers

; Molded Pulp Tray

ThaSH: Sugarcane

; Properties

ThaSH: Wood-pulp

ThaSH: Wood-pulp industry -- By-products

ThaSH: Bagasse industry

ThaSH: Bagasse

Abstract: Sugarcane production in Thailand and many other countries gradually increases yearly as well as burning wastes from sugarcane straws and leaves in the field. The main chemical composition of natural sugarcane straw consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Steam explosion is one pulping method that avoids the use of chemicals and is therefore preferable for the safety of the user and the environment. However, there is little published research about the use of steam explosion pulping. Hence, the objectives of this research were to compare the properties of molded pulp trays from sugarcane straw fiber (SSF) prepared by chemical pulping (CP) and steam explosion (STE). The conditions for SSF preparation were chemical pulping (CP) (5, 10, 15% NaOH + 2%w/w anthraquinone (AQ)) and steam explosion (STE) (severity factor (SF) 3.99, 4.28, and 4.43, respectively). SSF molded pulp trays were formed by hydraulic hot-press machine at 120ºC, 7 minutes, and 1.72 MPa. The chemical composition of SSF and physical properties of biodegradable SSF trays from the CP and STE methods were compared. The %yield and lignin contents of SSF from STE at SF (55-60 and 20-25 % d.b.) was higher than CP (30-48 and 3-7 % d.b.). For the mechanical properties of the trays, the tensile index of trays from STE was higher than CP but lower in elongation and compression index. The tray from STE at SF 4.28 showed the highest tensile index (11.24 Nm/g). This may be because the higher lignin in STE molded pulp trays could improve the strength of the STE trays but decreased elasticity. The tray from CP with 5% NaOH gave higher tensile index (6.33 Nm/g), elongation (0.75 mm), and compression index (27.62 N/g) than those with other NaOH concentrations. In the study of water resistance, the SSF trays from STE showed lower thickness swelling, higher water wetting time, and higher water contact angle than the trays from CP, representing higher water resistance of the trays. Morphology of SSF from STE presented shorter and smaller fiber than those of SSF trays from CP. The crystallinity index (CI) of trays were analyzed by x-ray diffraction. Higher concentration of NaOH and severity factor of STE increased the crystallinity index of SSF trays. Higher lignin content of STE trays than in CP trays was confirmed by FTIR spectra and color results. These results indicated that chemical pulping with 5% NaOH is best method in this study for producing SSF molded pulp packaging with high flexibility, compression strength, and cellulose purity. In contrast, STE at SF 4.28 was the suitable condition for SSF molded pulp tray production with higher tensile strength and water resistance. STE is an excellent alternative green pulping technique for many applications where high-strength fiber is required.

Mae Fah Luang University. Learning Resources and Educational Media Center

Address: CHIANG RAI

Email: library@mfu.ac.th

Name: Wirongrong Tongdeesoontorn

Role: Advisor

Modified: 2023-02-21

Issued: 2023-02-21

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

eng

DegreeName: Master of Science

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Posthavest Technology and Innovation

Grantor: Mae Fah Luang University

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