Abstract:
The objectives of this research were to develop easily eaten formula of soy protein based gel product and to study physicochemical, textural properties, and flavor release profile of soy protein based gel product. Firstly, physicochemical and textural properties of soy protein based gel product were evaluated to select suitable formulation. Glucono-delta-lactone (GDL; 0.3% w/w) was used as coagulant. Oxidized modified tapioca starch and acid-treated modified tapioca starch were added at various concentrations [3%, 4% and 5% (w/w)]. It was found that oxidized starch provided gel product with grainy texture, but grainy texture was not found in gel product with acid-treated starch. It was also found that 4% (w/w) acid-treated modified tapioca starch was an appropriate concentration to provide gel product with clostest texture to Nutri-Jelly® which is the product for patients with mastication and swallowing problems. Next, nutritive values, changes during storage, and flavor release profile were evaluated. It was found that soy protein based gel product prototype consisted of 29.98% protein, 66.91% carbohydrate, 2.36% lipid, 0.56% ash, and 0.19% fiber (dry basis) with total calories of 67.41 kcal/ 100 g samples. During storage at 4 ºC, syneresis was increased, the firmness of samples was decreased and undesirable flavor was increased over time (p 0.05). Flavor release profile was determined in soy-protein based gel product using vanillin as a model. The flavor release profile was compared between soy-protein based gel product in normal condition and with artificial saliva. The results showed that the release of vanillin was increased with increasing of vanillin concentration. When added artificial saliva in soy-based gel product, vanillin can be released from samples better than samples in normal condition. Comparing to sensory evaluation, vanilla intensity score in the product perceived by panelist was increased when increasing vanillin concentration in sample. In addition, higher scores in vanillin intensity were observed in samples with artificial saliva compared to samples in normal condition.