Efficacy of medium cut-off membrane hemodialysis on middle molecule uremic toxins reduction as comparable with mixed-dilution online HDF: Prospective cross-over study
Abstract:
Objective To compare the uremic toxin removal efficacy in term of reduction ratio between mix-dilution HDF and medium cut-off (MCO; Theranova 500) HD Method A single-center prospective cross-over randomized controlled trial was conducted in 14 prevalent thrice-a-week HDF patients who were randomly allocated into group1 (mixed HDF, n=7): mixed-dilution online HDF with high flux dialyzer ELISIO21H and group2 (MCO HD, n=7) standard HD with MCO membrane, Theranova 500 dialyzer. In this 8-week study, the primary outcome was a reduction ratio(RR) of ß2-microglobulin (ß2M). Other small to middle molecules and protein-bound uremic toxins reduction ratio, dialysate albumin loss, and nutritional parameters were also compared Results A total of 14 participants underwent cross-over randomization. In this 8-week study, ß2M RR from both modalities was higher than the survival benefit cut-point of 80%. In comparison, ß2M RR was slightly lower but significant in MCO HD than mixed HDF (82.57±5.34% vs 85.12±3.87%, respectively) with a mean difference of 2.55 (95% confidence interval [CI], -4.07 to -1.03; P=0.001). The spKt/Vurea, a small uremic toxin removal marker, was comparable (2.56±0.60 vs 2.54±0.68, respectively; P=0.85). URR and κFLC RR also were similar in mixed HDF and MCO HD (86.41±4.48 vs 86.41±4.84 and 77.65±5.06 vs 77.08±10.62, respectively; P > 0.05). Whereas RR of the larger middle molecule uremic toxin, ɑ1M and λFLC was lower with mixed HDF compare to MCO HD (30.13±15.90 vs 41.49±11.46 and 40.85±13.92 vs 50.81±13.18, respectively; P <0.001). Indoxyl sulfate RR was similar in mixed HDF and MCO HD (62+19.86 vs 60.49+24.26, respectively; P =0.66). Dialysate albumin loss was 3.51 g/session with MCO HD and 0.58 g/session with mixed HDF (P=0.025). Regarding, nutritional parameter, serum albumin levels were not different between MCO HD and mixed HDF (3.84 ± 0.29 and 3.87 ±0.24, respectively) Conclusion Mixed HDF and MCO HD provided the RR values of ß2M and small uremic toxins at the optimum level. Despite mixed HDF provided higher ß2M RR, MCO HD also provided more performance in the clearance of the larger middle molecules, particularly ɑ1M and λFLC. However, mixed HDF loss lower albumin than MCO HD. Therefore, both techniques can be used as alternative options.