Hwee, Joan Teoh Theng. Participant reference in Tai Lue narrative. Master's Degree(Linguistics). Payap University. Central Library. : Payap University, 2021.
Abstract:
This paper presents a study of participant reference in Tai Lue narrative. Four third person narrative texts are analysed to determine the system of participant reference in this genre. Levinsohn and Dooleys definitions of subject S1-S4 and non-subject N1- N4 contexts for activated participants are applied to the data together with their method of participant tracking to discover the default and marked encoding in all contexts, following which the texts are studied to understand the motivations for all marked encoding. Rules are then formulated to account for all findings. Results indicate zero anaphora as default encoding for contexts S1 and N1 and noun phrase reference for all other contexts. More than default encoding is found to highlight a participants characteristic, action, speech or emotion, as well as mark discontinuities, a result congruent in Tai Dam and Kmhmu. Less than default pronoun encoding serves primarily to renew a reference to a (local) VIP (that is, a major participant) in contexts S2, S3, S4, N2 and N4. These results concur with Levinsohns observations on motivations for marked encoding. Other motivations for less encoding found include the indication that what takes place is an expected continuation of the previous clause in context N3 and S3, the making of an unambiguous reference to one of two participants after a brief interruption involving the other participant in a continuous narrative in context S4, and reference to a global VIP or a participant who occurs in a non-initial round of a reported conversation in context N2.