Abstract:
The objectives of this research were to survey the consumers opinions on cream soup product for breakfast replacement, to study the optimized formulation on physical, chemical and sensory qualities of the product, and to investigate the nutritional value and shelf life of the product.
The consumer survey on breakfast meal replacement products was conducted using a sample of 150 people. The results of the survey were then used to determine the raw materials for carbohydrate in the product. The study of product formula optimization was conducted using mixture design. The product nutritional values were specified as follows: 250 - 300 kcal per serving, 15 - 20Percent of fat and not less than 8 g of dietary fiber. The physical and chemical qualities, including sensory evaluation of the products were analyzed and the optimal formulation was selected to determine the nutritional values and shelf life of the product.
The research results of the consumer survey showed that respondents selected the top three raw materials: banana, pumpkin and apple as the sources of carbohydrates. Therefore, banana, pumpkin and apple were used in product formulations by applying mixture design to obtain 10 product mixes. The b* value and viscosity of the product were significantly higher with the increase of pumpkin content (p≤.05). The pH of all product mixes was 6.40 - 6.66. The results of the sensory evaluation revealed that consumers tended to prefer the product formula no.1 (100Percent of banana) and the formula no.8 (66.67, 16.67 and 16.67Percent of banana, pumpkin and apple, respectively) to the other formulas (p≤.05). The product formula no. 8 contained various ingredients and complete nutritional value; therefore, it was selected to be the optimal formula of cream soup (6) product for breakfast replacement. The nutritional value of the product per serving (320 g) included 260 kcal of energy, 4.5 g of total fat, 2.5 g of saturated fat, 15 mg of cholesterol, 11 g of protein, 12 g of fiber, 85 mg of sodium and 225.92 mg of calcium. The shelf life study showed that the product could be stored at 7±3degree Celsius for not more than 4 days due to viscosity of the product which was significantly higher than that of the initial product (p≤.05).