Abstract:
The study of fiber quantity in 3 seaweeds which were Chaetomorpha sp., Sargassum sp. and Gracilaria sp. found that Gracilaria sp. had highest fiber quantity at 55.58% then Sargassum sp. at 49.00% and Chaetomorpha sp. at 36.42%. Then separated fiber into 2 groups which were water soluble and non-water soluble and found that Gracilaria sp. had 6.97% and 48.61%, respectively. Crude fiber extraction from 3 seaweeds were studied further by using 3 different methods which were (1) Hot water extraction method. (2) Organic solvents extraction method and (3) Enzymes extraction method. After that crude fiber extracts were analyzed to find the quantity of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin by using detergent method. The result showed that the 3rd method which was enzyme extraction method had produced highest cellulose from 3 seaweeds than other methods. Chaetomorpha sp. was the specie that found highest cellulose in crude fiber extract at 77.48% and the 1st method (hot water extraction method) was the best method to extract hemicellulose. Gracilaria sp. was the seaweed which had highest hemi cellulose at 56.61%. All 3 seaweeds had low lignin level in the range of 4.47 - 0.57%.
When testing for antioxidant agent in all fiber from 3 seaweeds by using different methods found that Gracilaria sp. using 2nd method (Organic solvents extraction method) had highest total phenolic content at (0.213±0.016 mg_GAE/g. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was tested too and the result showed that fiber from Chaetomorpha sp. which extracted by 1st method (hot water extraction method) had highest effective antioxidant level when compared to others which had IC50 at 10,503.16 ± 516.93 ppm but when compared with standard vitamin c found that its lower than the standard around 4,049.02 times. Almost extracted fiber had pH in the range of 7.27-7.77 furthermore, extracted fiber from Chaetomorpha sp. had lowest moisture at 0.82 ± 0.26% when using the 3rd method (enzyme extraction method). However, extracted fiber from Gracilaria sp. using enzyme extraction method had ability to hold the water at 0.32 ± 0.01%.