Abstract:
Glucosamine has been more attention from researchers deu to it can be prepared from crustacean skeleton, a by product from processing. Glucosamine is widely used to treatment in Osteoarthritis elderly. The objective of this research was to prepare the glucosamine from crab shell by acid hydrolysis. Physicochemical characteristics and stability of prepared glucosamine from crab shell as well as its application in canned gruel fortified with glucosamine were also studied. This product served for elderly or specific group of consumers who are sufficiency and concerening about health and joint problem. Glucosamine could be prepared from the shell of Blue
swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus). The crab shell was hydrolyzed to be chitin prior to acid hydrolysis using 30%(w/v) HCl for 30 min at 100ºC, which was the optimum condition for glucosamine preparation. Glucosamine was then crystalized in 95%(v/v) ethanol and dried in oven. The yield of resultant glucosamine was 36.47%. Glucosamine powder was subjected to physicochemical and purity analysis using TLC, FT-IR amd HPLC techniques. The results showed that D-glucosamine was the major constituent and had high stability and purity. Maximal transition temperature (Tmax) and the total enthalpy (DH) of the prepared glucosamine were 194ºC and 754.42 J/g respectively. Glucosamine prepared from crab shell was added in canned gruel produced from red jasmine brown rice at a concentration of 0.36%(w/v) in composition with denatured collagen (0.5% w/v) to adjust viscosity and swallow ability of the product for elderly. Canned grul produced from red jasmine brown rice fortified with glucosamine and denatured collagen was sterilized at 120ºC for 20 min. Physicochemical and microbiological properties, nutrition value of the hermetic packaging, product with pH >4.6 as per Ministry of Health announcement 355 as well as the changes during storage for 12 months were studied. The result showed that the changes in glucosamine content was minimallynoticable during storage. This might be due to the sterilization temperature was lower than the transition temperature of glucosamine. The changes in canned gruel properties were found in color and turbidity. These properties were lower during storage where the viscosity somehoe increased. However, no microorganism was detectable in canned gruel during 12 months of storge. Based on nutritional value analysis, canned gruel fortified with glucosamine had 39.46 kcal/100g and contained carbohydrate (7.63 g/100g), protein (1.38 g/100g), fiber (0.02 g/100g), fat (0.38 g/100g). The consumer acceptability of canned gruel fortified with glucosamine was tested with the group of elderly (60-70 years old) for 100 people. The result found that the overall likely score was 4.43. The majority of consumer tested will buy the product 1- 3 times/month. Therefor, glucosamine prepared from blue swimming crab shell can be applied in food. Additionally,canned gruel fortified with glucosamine and denatured collagen can be produced in the industrial scale which is served to elderly and healthy consumers.