Abstract:
The use of fish oil in low fat mayonnaise (LFM) was investigated. Initially the properties of soybean oil (SBO) and tuna oil (TO) were studied. Tween®60 and 80 (0.1-0.5%) were used as emulsifiers in SBO-TO (4:0,3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:4) mayonnaise emulsion emulsion and the most appropriate combination selected. The SBO-TO in the emulsion was later substituted with com maltodextrin and mixture of egg white powder-siduyn caseubate (1:1) at 3-5% levels , along with the reduction of the SBO-TO to 40-80% of the original level. The viscosity of the resulting LFM emulsion was adjusted to within the rage of the range of the commerclally produced products (6,000-7,000 mPa.s). with 0.5-1.29% xanthan gum. The flavor of the LFM was then improved with spices comprising 0.25-0.75% cinnamon , 1.0-1.7% rhizome, 0.8-1.2% celery and 1.0-1.5% white pepper. The fina LFM product was analyzed for its chemical composition and quality change during storage at 10℃ and 32-36℃ The experimental result revealed that the peroxide value and free fatly acid content of the SBO and the TO were closely resemble. Lower viscosity and darker color were observed in TO. The highest kinds of fatty acid found in SBO were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids while those found for the TO were palmitic, oleic and DHA. The highest stability index, smallest oil- particle size and acceptable odor score were obtained in the LFM sample containing 0.24-0.5% Tween®60 and 1:1, SBO:To. The oil content fo the LFM sample was 60% lower than that of the original mayonnaise sample when using 5% corn maltodextin as fat substitute. The resulting LFM had low separation value at 60℃, small fat-particle size and modulus. The viscosity of the LfM containing 10% xanthan gum as comparable to that of the commercially produced product. The flavor of the LFM containing 0.25% cinnamon 1.7% rhizome, 0.8% celery and 1.5% white pepper was acceptable by the sensory panelists. Result form chemical analyses indicated that the LFM was compose d of 24.30% fat, 45-46% water, 0.1% EPA and 13.7% DHA (of total fatty acid). The chemical, sensory and microbial properties of the LFM were acceptable when stored at 10℃ for 6 weeks or 32-36℃ for 4 weeks.