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Thapat Silalertruksa. Sustainability Assessment of Biofuels for Transport in Thailand. Master's Degree(Energy Technology). King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library. : King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2010.
Sustainability Assessment of Biofuels for Transport in Thailand
Name: Thapat Silalertruksa
keyword:
Sustainability
Abstract:
The dissertation aims to assess the sustainability of biofuels for transport in
Thailand by focusing on the four key issues related to their production and use i.e.
environmental consequences, full cost performance, long-term security of feedstocks
supply and socio-economic impacts. A variety of environmental and economic assessment
tools and indicators including net energy balance (NEB), life cycle assessment (LCA), life
cycle costing (LCC), externalities assessment based on benefits transfer approach, net
feedstock balances, Shannon index, net life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and
economic input-output (IO) analysis are applied in the study to evaluate the existing
biofuels production systems in Thailand i.e. cassava ethanol, sugarcane molasses ethanol
and palm biodiesel. The results are discussed as follows:
NEB and LCA show that there are significant differences in energy and
environmental performance between the existing production systems even for the same
feedstock. The differences are dependent on many factors such as farming practices,
feedstock transportation, fuel used in biofuels plants, operation practices and technology of
biofuels conversion and waste management practices. In addition, land-use change (LUC)
is an important factor in the GHG performance of the first generation biofuels in Thailand
as they can possibly increase from 1 to 10 times compared to the cases where LUC is
excluded. Therefore, biofuels will contribute to the country's strategic plan on GHG
mitigation in the transportation sector only if the production systems are sustainably
managed.
LCC and preliminary assessment of externalities of gasohol reveal that in
comparison to gasoline at the same performance, the total environmental costs of cassava
based ethanol are 6% to 32% lower, depending on the blending level of ethanol into
gasoline. However, the environmental benefits of various blends of gasohol, i.e. E10, E20
and E85, cannot compensate for their higher production costs as compared to gasoline. The
total environmental costs from palm biodiesel are lower than that of diesel by about 3% for
B5 and 76% for B100; the total costs of both B5 and B10 are lower than diesel. However,
B100 is still not economically attractive and also faces constraints of feedstock availability.
Therefore, several measures to improve the environmental performance and enhance the
cost-competitiveness of cassava ethanol and palm biodiesel are required.
For the long-term (future) security of feedstock supply, the results show that only
high yields improvement can result in a reliable and sufficient supply of feedstocks to
satisfy the long-term demands for biofuels and other related industries. Cassava is
identified as the critical feedstock for meeting the future ethanol targets and a reduction in
cassava export is necessary. Meanwhile, both increase in fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yields
and expansion of new oil palm plantation need urgently to be promoted by the government
to avoid the shortage of crude palm oil supply.
In terms of socio-economic development, the results obtained from the combination
of analytical approach and 10 analysis show that producing bio-ethanol and biodiesel
requires respectively about 17-20 times and 10 times more workers than gasoline and
diesel per unit energy. Direct employment in agriculture contributes to more than 90% of
the total employment. Nevertheless, there are significant differences in the characteristics
of employment between persons employed in agriculture and biofuel processing sectors in
Thailand. The overall impacts of bio-ethanol production in Thailand in the year 2022 are
the generation of employment of around 238,700-382,400 persons-year, 55.5 billion THB
additional Gross Domestic Product, imported goods worth 58 billion THB but 93 billion
THB of reduced petroleum imports.
Finally, the study concludes that Thailand has a large potential to produce and use
biofuels for substituting petroleum fuels for domestic consumption and for trade in the
global market. Biofuels have the potential to address climate-change mitigation, energy
security and socio-economic development especially for the agricultural sector in rural
areas. However, these advantages will only be achieved if the appropriate policy measures
as suggested in the dissertation are adopted to direct the biofuels production in Thailand
towards sustainability.
King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library
Address:
BANGKOK
Email:
info.lib@mail.kmutt.ac.th
Name: Shabbir H. Gheewala
Role:
Advisor
Created:
2010
Modified:
2012-01-05
Issued:
2555-01-03
วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis
application/pdf
CallNumber:
JGSEE274
eng
DegreeName: Master of Science
Level: Master's Degree
Descipline: Energy Technology
©copyrights King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi
RightsAccess:
ใช้เวลา
0.019336 วินาที
Thapat Silalertruksa
| Title | Contributor | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Sustainability Assessment of Biofuels for Transport in Thailand
มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี Thapat Silalertruksa | Shabbir H. Gheewala | วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis |
Shabbir H. Gheewala