Study of sulfur oxidizing bacteria in biofilter for hydrogen sulfide removal

การศึกษา Sulfur oxidizing bacteria ในระบบ bibofilter สำหรับกำจัดก๊าซไฮโดรเจนซัลไฟด์

Name: Matinee Laokor

Name: เมทินี เหลากอ

keyword: Biofilter

Abstract: The selection of initial seeding sludge for start-up bioreactor in cleaning H2S is one important step prior to operate the biogas clean up system. The developments of the effective methods as microbial activity and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for qualify and quantify microbes were used to select the effective microbial source. The number of sulfur oxidizing bacteria (SOB) was determined by qPCR with specific primers to amplify 16S rRNA gene of Thiobacillus sp. and Eubacteria domain. The microbial activity test using thiosulfate as a substrate then the utilization of thiosulfate was determined. In this experiment, five sources of seed sludge as swine farm, cassava starch plant, concentrated rubber plant, palm oil mill plant and liquor factory were used to select the initial seeding sludge. The sludge from swine farm, having the highly SOB activity and the number of Thiobacillus sp. than other sources, was chosen to use as an inoculums seed in biofilter. This study used biofilter inoculated with seed sludge from swine farm. The operation was carried out in 12 litres working volume of biofilter under controlled dissolved oxygen (DO) < 1.0 mg l-1 and pH at 7. The synthetic hydrogen sulfide gas in high strength of H2S (3,000 ppmv) was fed in up-flow direction at various flow rate. H2S loading rate (SLR) at 2.06 - 8.25 g H2S m-3 h-1 was fed at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 l min-1 of flow rate and equivalent to 120, 60, 40 and 30 min of gas retention time (GRT), respectively. The performance of the biofilter showed a good suitability for the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal by providing 77 - 99% of removal efficiency. In addition, the elimination capacity of biofilter that depended on SLR showed 2.06, 4.12, 6.18 and 6.40 g H2S m-3 h-1 at GRT 120, 60, 40 and 30 min, respectively. Moreover, the study of metabolic products in biofilter at each GRT showed the major product was sulfur element in range of 57 - 82%. Sulfate and sulfide also found in the system at 10 - 43% and 0 - 20%, respectively. Furthermore, 21.76 - 24.92 gVSS l-1 of volatile suspended solid (YSS) and 7.03 - 7.28 g Na2S203 g-1VSS d-1 of SOB activity were shown, respectively. The numbers of 16S rRNA gene of Eubacteria and Thiobacillus sp. in biofilter were 1.83 x 10 10- 2.39 X 10 11 copies rONA reactor" and 1.48 x 10 10 - 8.73 X 10 10 copies rONA reactor-1, respectively. The proportion of 16S rRNA gene of Thiobacillus sp. in biofilter was 36 - 80% of total bacteria in the system. The numbers of Eubacteria and Thiobacillus sp. were decreased when the SLR increased. Moreover, the suitable GRT and SLR can be applied in the biofilter was 40 min and 6.18 g H2S m-3 h-1, respectively. Changes in microbial community were investigated by 16S rRNA gene based molecular methods polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The Proteobacteria group was predominant in biofilter such as Thiobacillus thioparus, Alcaligenes sp., Thiotrix sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Thiomonas sp. In addition, Actinobacteria group and Firmicutes group such as Brevibacterium easel and Bacillus sp. also found in biofilter.

Abstract: The selection of initial seeding sludge for start-up bioreactor in cleaning H2S is one important step prior to operate the biogas clean up system. The developments of the effective methods as microbial activity and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for qualify and quantify microbes were used to select the effective microbial source. The number of sulfur oxidizing bacteria (SOB) was determined by qPCR with specific primers to amplify 16S rRNA gene of Thiobacillus sp. and Eubacteria domain. The microbial activity test using thiosulfate as a substrate then the utilization of thiosulfate was determined. In this experiment, five sources of seed sludge as swine farm, cassava starch plant, concentrated rubber plant, palm oil mill plant and liquor factory were used to select the initial seeding sludge. The sludge from swine farm, having the highly SOB activity and the number of Thiobacillus sp. than other sources, was chosen to use as an inoculums seed in biofilter. This study used biofilter inoculated with seed sludge from swine farm. The operation was carried out in 12 litres working volume of biofilter under controlled dissolved oxygen (DO) < 1.0 mg l-1 and pH at 7. The synthetic hydrogen sulfide gas in high strength of H2S (3,000 ppmv) was fed in up-flow direction at various flow rate. H2S loading rate (SLR) at 2.06 - 8.25 g H2S m-3 h-1 was fed at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 l min-1 of flow rate and equivalent to 120, 60, 40 and 30 min of gas retention time (GRT), respectively. The performance of the biofilter showed a good suitability for the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal by providing 77 - 99% of removal efficiency. In addition, the elimination capacity of biofilter that depended on SLR showed 2.06, 4.12, 6.18 and 6.40 g H2S m-3 h-1 at GRT 120, 60, 40 and 30 min, respectively. Moreover, the study of metabolic products in biofilter at each GRT showed the major product was sulfur element in range of 57 - 82%. Sulfate and sulfide also found in the system at 10 - 43% and 0 - 20%, respectively. Furthermore, 21.76 - 24.92 gVSS l-1 of volatile suspended solid (YSS) and 7.03 - 7.28 g Na2S203 g-1VSS d-1 of SOB activity were shown, respectively. The numbers of 16S rRNA gene of Eubacteria and Thiobacillus sp. in biofilter were 1.83 x 10 10- 2.39 X 10 11 copies rONA reactor" and 1.48 x 10 10 - 8.73 X 10 10 copies rONA reactor-1, respectively. The proportion of 16S rRNA gene of Thiobacillus sp. in biofilter was 36 - 80% of total bacteria in the system. The numbers of Eubacteria and Thiobacillus sp. were decreased when the SLR increased. Moreover, the suitable GRT and SLR can be applied in the biofilter was 40 min and 6.18 g H2S m-3 h-1, respectively. Changes in microbial community were investigated by 16S rRNA gene based molecular methods polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The Proteobacteria group was predominant in biofilter such as Thiobacillus thioparus, Alcaligenes sp., Thiotrix sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Thiomonas sp. In addition, Actinobacteria group and Firmicutes group such as Brevibacterium easel and Bacillus sp. also found in biofilter.

King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: info.lib@mail.kmutt.ac.th

Name: Pawinee Chaiprasert

Role: advisor

Created: 2010

Modified: 2011-09-12

Issued: 2011-09-11

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: BIT633

eng

DegreeName: Master of Science

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Biotechnology

Grantor: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

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