Abstract:
Production of protein hydrolysate from Graci/aria fisheri (protein content was 18.04%) for
flavoring agent and functional food was conducted. Acid seaweed protein hydrolysate (a-SWPH)
production by 6N hydrochloric acid for 24 hrs was the best condition that gave the greatest degree
of hydrolysis (%DH) at 72.06%. Seventeen amino acids were found in a-SWPHs which aspartic
acid was the most abundant. Volatile compounds of a-SWPHs consisted of furfural, benzaldehyde,
benzeneacetaldehyde and nonanoic acid which were savory flavor like oyster sauce. Protein
hydrolysate after removal polysaccharide by water at 110 ํC, 15 psi (protein content was 27.84%
and calcium content was 1,262.98 mg/100g), was produced with bromelain and Flavourzyme ? that
enzyme activities were 137,079 and 174,285 unit/g, respectively. The 10% bromelain hydrolyzed
for 3 hrs (enzymatic bromelain seaweed protein hydrolysate; eb-SWPH) obtained the greatest %DH,
and similar to the %DH of 10% Flavourzyme for 3 hrs (enzymatic Flavourzyme seaweed protein
hydrolysate; ef-SWPH). Although the optimum eb-SWPH gave the %yield, %total salt and %DPPH
and ABTS+ scavenging efficiency less than ef-SWPH, their volatile compounds consisted of greater
seaweed and seafood flavor than ef-SWPH and without bitter taste. As compared eb-SWPH with
a-SWPH, their %DH was not different. Although a-SWPH had lower %yield and total salt but
toxicity of 3-MCPD was detected less than 0.001 mg/kg. The eb-SWPH consisted of high calcium
content (242.95 mg/ 100 g soluble sample) and its %DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging efficiency was
greater than those from a-SWPH. Moreover, eb-SWPH was found most of cysteine that was a
precursor in meat flavor formation. Thirteen major volatile compounds such as 1-hexanal,
benzaldehyde, butyl acetic acid, heptanoic acid and nonanoic acid were found which their odor
descriptions of sweet, seaweed and ammonium that resemble as the precursor for processed flavor
(PF) production. The 15%eb-SWPH mixed with 2% glucose, I% ribose, 2% taurine, 2% arginine,
2% alanine and 8% glycine received the highest scores of crab and shrimp flavor and overall
acceptance, and thirteen volatile compounds such as 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, trimethyl-pyrazine and
diethyl methyl pyrazine which represented meat and roasted flavor, were found. The 2% PF was
added with surimi base product, it received the highest scores of crab and shrimp flavor and overall
acceptance and the scores were greater than original processing surimi base product without PF.