Utilization of pond snail (Filopaludina martensi) as an alternative feed for Thai native chickens

การใช้หอยขมเพื่อเป็นอาหารไก่พื้นเมือง

Name: Pichit Wonnakom

ThaSH: Chickens

Classification :.DDC: 636.085 P592u

ThaSH: Chickens -- Feeding and feeds

Abstract: Six related experiments were conducted to evaluate the utilization of pond snail (Filopaludina martensi) as an alternative feed for Thai native chickens. In 1* experiment, population density of pond snail (Filopaludina martensi) in fish (Nile Tilapia) pond was studied, from 26 ponds it was found that the snail population density was very high density (226.53+81.44 snail/m). The 2" experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of pond snail. The treatments included 1. meat snail (without shell), 2. whole snail (cooked) and 3. whole snail (raw). The first two treatments were cooked separately in boiling water for 2 minutes and 20 minutes, respectively. It was found that meat pond snail as had the clearly higher CP (65.58%) and EE (6.31%) but had lower CF (0.50%), ash (3.32%) and calcium (2.24%) than cooked and raw whole snail. The 3° experiment was conducted to preserve pond snail by fermentation with molasses or salt in completely randomized design. Minced pond snail was thoroughly mixed with molasses or salt in plastic bag for fermentation (size: 8 x 12 inch), 300 g of sample /bag was incubated at ambient temperature and stirred 2 times per day at 8.30 AM and 4.30 PM. The molasses levels were used at 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 and 15.0%, and salt levels were used at 3.25, 3.79, 4.33, 4.87 and 5.41%., vere 15% molasses fermented snail had significant better pH, color and odor than other treatments at 1 and 7 days of fermentation (P<0.05). Fermentation with molasses was an appropriate period of 7 days. 14 Days resulted in lower quality of color and odor. With salt fermentation, it was found that the pH of all levels and fermentation (6) periods were not significant different (P>0.05). 4.87 and 5.41% salt fermented snails had better. Color and odor than other treatments at 7 and 21 days of fermentation. However, all treatments at 21 days of fermentation had their pH increased and Dev hence became bad quality. Fermentation with salt had an appropriate period at 7-14 day. as The 4" experiment was conducted to determine the nutrient digestibility of pond snail in different processing (cooked and raw) and levels (0, 5, 10 and 15% of feed). Twenty-eight Thai native cocks (TNC) aged 25 weeks old, were divided into 7 groups of 4 replications in completely randomized design. It was found that the digestibilities in DM, CP, EE and NFE of pond snail were not significant different (P>0.05). CF digestibility was found the highest in 10% raw pond snails with no difference from 0% and 5% raw snail. It was revealed that the ash digestibility was the highest in 15% pond snail in both processing forms. Moreover the result revealed that 10% cooked snail had the highest Ca digestibility compared to other treatments except 10% raw pond snail. Supplementation of 5% raw pond snail had the highest P digestibility which was significantiy higher than control, 15% cooked or raw pond snails (P<0.05). The 5'' experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the levels of cooked pond snail meal in diet on productive performance of starter and grower TNC. The experimental diet was selected from the 4" experiment on the best nutrient digestibility (CP and Ca). At 7 days old, 144 mixed sex chicks were randomly assigned in to six treatments with four replicates of 6 birds each in completely randomized design. The experimental diets were cooked pond snail meal which replaced fish meal as 0, 25, 50, 100 and 125% as follows: 0, 3.66, 7.39, 10.95, 14.60 and 18.25% in the diet. At 1-6 week old TNC were compared in all treatments groups. Chicken fed 3.66% pond snail meal had significant better weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio than chicken fed high levels of pond snail meal (P<0.05), except with control group. At 7-16 week old, the chicken fed control diet vere n (0% pond snail) had better weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio than chicken fed 3.66% pond snail meal (P>0.05). There were linearly decreases in weight gain and increases in FCR as levels of pond snail increased. The carcass quality of TNC conducted at 15 weeks old was found that chicken fed control (0% pond snail) had significant better live weight and carcass quality such as dressing percentage, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor and thighs than other groups (P<0.05), except chicken fed 3.66% pond snail meal (P>0.05). The 6" experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of pond snail meal th on productive performance of Thai native hen (TNH). Thirty pullets at 25 weeks-old LE were selected and assigned into six treatment groups of 5 replication 1 hen each in completely randomized design. The experimental diets were cooked pond snail meal replaced fish meal as 0, 25, 50,100 and 125% as follows: 0, 3.66, 7.39, 10.95, 14.60 and 18.25% in the diet. It was found that TNH at 26-72 weeks old had not differed in feed intake, initial weight, final weight and body weight gain (P>0.05). TNH fed control (0% snail meal) had better egg production and FCR than other groups. There was not significant different from 3.66 and 14.60% snail meal. Shape index, eggshell thickness, shell-breaking strength, albumin and yolk, yolk ration, albumen ration, eggshell, Haugh unit and calcium of eggshell were not significant different (P>0.05). Control TNH had higher bright and phosphorus of eggshell than other groups (P<0.05), except 3.66% snail meal group (P>0.05). Furthermore, it was revealed that yolk color of TNH fed 3.66% snail meal diets was significant better than the others (P<0.05), except TNH fed 7.39 % snail meal (P<0.05).

มหาวิทยาลัยแม่โจ้. สำนักหอสมุด

Address: เชียงใหม่

Email: mjudc@mju.ac.th

Name: Yanin Opatpatanakit

Role: Chair

Name: Nantarit Chokethaworn

Role: Committee

Name: Narin Thongwittaya

Role: Committee

Name: Buaream Maneewon

Role: Committee

Name: Buncha Pongpisantham

Role: Program Chair

Created: 2017

Modified: 2020-08-28

Issued: 2020-08-28

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: 636.085 P592u

eng

DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science

Level: Doctoral Degree

Descipline: Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science

Grantor: Maejo University

©copyrights Maejo University

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