ภัทรา ผาสอน. Characterization of Xylanolytic-cellulolytic Enzyme Complexes from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus strain B-6. Doctoral Degree(Biochemical Technology). King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. : King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2005.
Characterization of Xylanolytic-cellulolytic Enzyme Complexes from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus strain B-6
Abstract:
The objective of this study is to gain basic knowledge of properties and functions of multienzyme complex for improvement of biodegradation of insoluble polysaccharides, especially multienzyme complex produced in an aerobic condition.
The Bacillus sp. strain B-6 is the best producer of xylanase and cellulase enzymes with the best binding ability of xylanase to insoluble xylan and avicel. Among six high cellulase and xylanase producing strains tested, only the strain B-6 cell could adhere to both avicel and insoluble xylan whereas the other strains could not adhere to both of them. The result indicated that Bacillus sp. strain B-6 may produce the multienzyme complex. The 16S rDNA of this strain is 1,424 base pair in length and 97% similarity with Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus. Therefore, it was identified as Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus strain B-6 (formerly Bacillus circulans B-6). The bacterium is an facultatively anaerobic bacterium, isolated from an anaerobic digester and produces extracellular multienzyme containing xylanase, ?-xylosidase, arabinofuranosidase, acetyl esterase, mannanase, carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), avicelase, cellobiohydrolase, ?-glucosidase, amylase and chitinase when grown on xylan under aerobic conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the adhesion of cell to xylan during the early exponential growth phase till the late stationary growth phase. Multienzyme complexes which adhere to cell surface at the early exponential growth phase were purified by elution with 1% TEA, while multienzyme complexes at the late stationary growth phase were purified by affinity purification on cellulose.
Native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native-PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) indicated that two native forms by native-PAGE of isolated multienzyme complex from cell pellet composed of at least 24 protein subunits ranging in molecular masses from 23 to 224 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Zymograms showed 3 xylanases and 1 CMCase. The Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration showed that the isolated multienzyme complex consisted of two protein peaks (peaks I and II) as the two multienzyme complexes with molecular masses of 1,450 and 400 kDa. The multienzyme complex I (1,450 kDa) consisted of 8 protein subunits. The activity of xylanase in multienzyme complex I was found to reach the maximum at pH 6.0 and at 40 C and the stability was larger than 50% when the pH was lower than pH 7.0 and the temperature was lower than 50?C. The multienzyme complex I was responsible to degrade the insoluble substances efficiently especially oat spelt xylan with short chain and many branches due to the presence of carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs).
Cellulose-binding protein isolated from culture supernatant by affinity purification with avicel exhibited 9 protein subunits on SDS-PAGE and 8 xylanases and 6 CMCases on zymograms. After isolated by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300, the cellulose-binding protein exhibited 4 protein peaks (peaks I, II, III and VI) consisted of two multienzyme complexes with the molecular masses of 1,450 and 400 kDa. Peaks III and IV may contain single enzymes with substrate-binding modules and possibly could be the fragments from the high molecular mass multienzyme complex I. Xylan-binding xylanase was purified to homogeneity by specific adsorption and desorption on insoluble xylan. The molecular masses of the purified xylanase were estimated to be 29 and 48 kDa, which showed only xylanase activity. The purified enzymes hydrolyzed xylan to a series of short-chain xylooligosaccharides as the products, indicating that the enzymes were an endoxylanases. The xylan-binding endoxylanases could effectively hydrolyze low substituted insoluble xylan of birchwood more than larchwood and oat spelt. The multienzyme complex was found to be capable of binding to insoluble xylan and avicel and efficiently hydrolyzed insoluble xylan, avicel and corn hull to soluble sugars that were exclusively xylose and glucose. The results indicated that the
xylanolytic-cellulolytic enzyme system of this bacterium exists as multienzyme complex. This is the first report of multienzyme complex production in an aerobic condition by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus strain B-6