The relationships among amount of blood loss, blood glucose, and serum magnesium with multiple organ dysfunctions within 24 hours among patients after open heart surgery
Abstract:
This descriptive study aimed at studying the relationships between amount of blood loss, blood glucose, and serum magnesium with multiple organ dysfunctions within 24 hours among patients after open heart surgery. The sample comprised 151 patients with ages older than 18 years who underwent an open heart surgery at Siriraj Hospital. The data collection instrument comprised a general data recording form, illness and related data on treatment recording form, and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze general data and data related to illness and treatment, while Spearmans Rho correlation coefficients were utilized to analyze the relationship between studied variables. The results revealed that the average age of the patients was 61.9 (SD+13.8) years. Their average score on multiple organ dysfunctions within 24 hours was 4.6 (SD+2.0). It was found that almost a half of the subjects, or 45.7% (69 subjects), had an amount of blood loss equal to or higher than 200 ml. per hour, with a mean of 1,103.7 ml. (SD+850.9 ml.) within the first six hours after surgery. The mean blood glucose level at first admission in the intensive care unit was 181.6 mg/dl (SD+55.4). The mean blood glucose level within 24 hours after the open heart surgery was 219.3 mg/dl (SD + 65.2). The average hours after surgery at which patients blood glucose level achieve its highest level was 10.1 hours (SD ± 5.8 hours). The lowest mean of serum magnesium within 24 hours after the open heart surgery was 2.6mmol/l (SD + 0.4) while. The lowest serum magnesium was at 12.2 hours (SD + 3.3). Factors related to multiple organ dysfunctions within 24 hours were blood loss, blood glucose, and serum magnesium (r = .21, p< .01; r = .23, p< .01; r = .18, p< .05), respectively. The recommendation from this study is that patients who have undergone open heart surgery should be closely monitored for multiple organ dysfunctions, especially those who have had high volume of blood loss, high blood glucose, and high serum magnesium. Additional studies should be conducted to further monitor patients after the first 24 hours after surgery to explore possible undesirable outcomes, so that the patients care plan can be developed to promote patients recovery