ธนาสิทธิ์ อินทะโนรัตน์. Large Scale Production of Anti - Chicken coccidia IgY. Master's Degree(Biotechnology). King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library. : King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2011.
Large Scale Production of Anti - Chicken coccidia IgY
การผลิตอิมมูโนโกลบูลิน Y ที่ต้านเชื้อบิดในไก่ในระดับกึ่งอุตสาหกรรม
Abstract:
Chicken coccidiosis is an intestinal infectious disease caused by the Eimeria protozoan
parasite. This disease causes impaired growth rate in broilers and reduces egg
production in laying hens, resulting in annual economic losses to the world's poultry
industry. Due to increasing concerns with prophylactic drug use, the appearance of
Eimeria drug resistance and high costs of vaccines, alternative control methods need to
be developed. Oral administration of specific egg yolk antibodies (IgY) has been proven
to successfully treat coccidiosis in chickens (Lee et al., 2009).
The aims of this study are, therefore, to study large scale production of anti-chicken
coccidia IgY for animal feed supplement purpose. In this study, anti-chicken coccidia
IgY was produced in 855 six month old Hisex hens. Antigen that consists of various
sporulated Eimeria spp. was used for immunization of these hens. Anti-chicken coccidia
IgY in immunized hen egg yolk was detected at week 6 after first immunization.
Immunofluoresence assay showed that the IgY produced specifically bind to coccidia
cells at sporulated stage. The majority of the immunized hens (76%) produced a
moderate level of the anti-chicken coccidia IgY and 14 % of the hens produced a high
level of IgY, while 10% of the hens was found not producing the anti-chicken coccidia
IgY. The anti-chicken coccidia IgY production period of immnunized hens was
determined at approximately 14 weeks, from week 6 to week 19 after the first
immunization.
The IgY was planned to be used as dried powder. For preparing dried IgY product,
spray drying method with an air inlet temperature of 140 C and an air outlet temperature
of noc was choosen to dry homogenized egg yolk, which was weekly collected from
immunized hens. It was found that this spray drying condition did not affect IgY
activities when tested by indirect ELISA. There were some pathogenic bacteria detected
in the sample due to egg shell contamination. However, those pathogenic bacteria were
significantly reduced after spray drying process. Thus, sterilization of egg shells should
be considered in order to avoid the contamination altogether. The dried anti-chicken
coccidia IgY product was stored at 4 C and 30 C, and retained its activities for around
16 and 12 months, respectively. Because of its stability at 30 C, this dried IgY powder
is ideal for use in chicken feed. Not only as a supplement in the animal dried feed, the
dried IgY powder was also tested as a supplement in drinking water. It was revealed by
sedimentation analysis that the dried IgY particles remained in water suspension for 1
hour and 2 hours when 0.1% and 0.3% Tween 80 were added, respectively.
In summary, strategies for large scale production of anti-chicken coccidia IgY were
revealed in this study. The anti-chicken coccidia IgY was found specific to the parasite
and dried IgY product is suitable to be used in both chicken feed and drinking water.