Abstract:
The objective of this study was to analyze proximate analysis, antioxidant activities, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds (HPLC method) of six local fruits grown in Roi Et province, namely Flacourtia indica, Ampelocissus martini, Ficus racemosa, Terminalia chebula, Spondias pinnata and Phyllanthus emblica. The results showed that, the ash of fruits ranged from 5.12% in Terminalia chebula to 13.71% in Ficus racemosa. Protein ranged from 0.13% in Ampelocissus martinii to 3.11% in Ficus racemosa. Fiber ranged from 9.51% in Spondias pinnata to 34.05% in Ampelocissus martini. Lipid ranged from 0.69% in Flacourtia indica to 2.44% in Ampelocissus martini. Carbohydrate ranged from 31.36% in Ampelocissus martini to 67.51% in Spondias pinnata. Terminalia chebula and Phyllanthus emblica had the highest DPPH radical scavenging assay (9.65, 9.66 and 9.71 mg TroloxE/g DW, respectively). Phyllanthus emblica exhibited the highest total reducing capacity (Ferric reducing antioxidant power, FRAP assay; 94.72 mmol FeSo4/g DW). Terminalia chebula contained the highest level of total phenolic acids, 65.25 mg GAE/g DW. Ficus racemosa contained the highest level of total flavonoid content, 9.79 mg RTE/g DW. Ampelocissus martinii had the highest anthocyanin, 24.35 mg /100 gDW. The ascorbic acid of fruits ranged from 1.10 mg /gDW in Ficus racemosa to 94.20 mg /gDW in Phyllanthus emblica. The predominant phenolic acids in all samples of fruits are gallic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid and sinapicnic acid. Gallic acid showed the highest content in Phyllanthus emblica L. P-hydroxy benzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-cormaric acid, ferulic acid and sinapicnic acid showed the highest content in Spondias pinnata. Major flavonoids identified were myricetin, apigenin and kaempferol. This study has provided useful information that local fruits are potential sources of bioactive components with high antioxidant properties that may be of interest to the consumers and public health workers.
Key Words: Local fruits, Phenolic content, Flavonoids, Anthocyanin, Ascorbic acid, Antioxidant activity