Abstract:
The objectives of this research were to 1) analyze the chemical compositions of clove flower, clove leaf and senna leaf ethanolic (50%, 95%) extracts using GC-MS 2) compare the sedative effects of all extracts and extracted pellets in hybrid catfish. 3) study the antibacterial activity of the extracts against Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Vibrio alginolyticus using disc diffusion techniques.
First, 0.5 gram of crude medicinal plant extracts was detected for their chemical composition by using GC-MS. Hybrid catfish were then divided into 6 groups (6 fish in each group) and treated with the 6 extracts of clove flower, clove leaf and senna leaf extracted by 50% and 95% ethanolic solution at four different concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/L and 4 tablets of 25-mg extracted pellets. After that, their sedative response was investigated. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the crude extracts against A. hydrophila, P. fluorescens and V. alginolyticus was evaluated using disc diffusion techniques.
The results showed that 1) eugenol, the main bioactive compound, was found in clove flower and clove leaf ethanolic (50%) extracts at 46.71% and 61.66% respectively. Similarly, 62.53% and 79.62% of eugenol were also found in clove flower and clove leaf ethanolic (95%) extracts respectively. Moreover, 11.32% of 2H-Pyran-2,6(3H)-dione and 14.89% of n-Hexadecanoic acid were found in senna leaf ethanolic (50% and 95%) extracts respectively. 2) The clove leaf ethanolic (95%) extracts at the concentration of 200 mg/L induced the shortest sedation at 3.33 minutes and remained sedation for 116.67 minutes. Similarly, the 4 tablets of ethanolic (95%) extracted pellets at the dose of 25 mg induced the quickest sedation at 8.87 minutes and remained sedation for 111.13 minutes. This would be ideal for safe transportation and nursery of juvenile hybrid catfish. 3) The concentration at 0.9 mg/L of clove leaf ethanolic (95%) extracts on antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila, P. fluorescens and V. alginolyticus indicated the highest inhibition zone at 11.17, 14.00 and 13.5 mm, respectively.