P-CRESOL CLEARANCE OF HIGH EFFICIENCY ONLINE-HEMODIAFILTRATION VERSUS STANDARD EFFICIENCY ONLINE-HEMODIAFILTRATION WITH HIGH CUT-OFF MEMBRANE; AN OPEN-LABELLED RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER CONTROL TRIAL
Abstract:
Efficacy of Newly Innovated Standard Efficiency Online Hemodiafiltration with High Cut off Dialyzer on P-cresol Removal: The Randomized Crossover Controlled Study. Wanjak Pongsittisak1 , Supeecha Wittayalertpanya2 , Khajohn Tiranathanagul1 , Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa1 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. 2 Division of Pharmacology, Thai Red Cross Society and Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Background: The P-cresol (pCS) which is a protein-bound toxin were recently spotlight because it could not be removed by hemodialysis (HD) and obviously correlated with persisting high mortality of HD patients. High-efficiency post-dilution online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) using high-flux dialyzer and required high blood flow rate was a novel modality that added the convective to ordinary diffusive clearance. This modality could enhance pCS removal and reduce mortality rate by 30% in recent clinical trials. Unfortunately, the majority of the HD patients could not reach that high efficiency because of the limitation of their arteriovenous (A-V) access blood flow. We innovated the new online HDF modality for these patients by combination of standard efficiency pre-dilution OL-HDF withnew high cut-off membrane dialyzer (HCM). Methods: This randomized crossover control study was conducted in 9 online HDF patients to determine the efficacy especially pCS removal between the two week periods of new modality of standard efficiency OL-HDF with HCM and the high-efficiency OL-HDF. The removal of small and middle molecular weight uremic toxins as well as protein-bound uremic toxin removal were determined and compared. The pCS was measured by high-performanceliquid chromatography. The dialysate albumin loss and patient safety were also monitored. Results:This new standard efficiency OL-HDF with HCM was safe and no any adverse event was recorded. Its pCS removal efficacy in term of pCSreduction ratio (RR) was comparable withhigh efficiency OL-HDF median 59.5 (IQR; 49.1, 62.6) % and 54.7 (IQR; 48.6, 58.2) % (p-value = 0.441), respectively. β2-microglobulin was significantly removed by new modality more than high-efficiency OL-HDF. Two techniques provided adequate and small molecule removal demonstrated by urea clearance and KtVurea. No patients developed hypoalbuminemia even the higherdialysate albumin loss in HCM used(dialysate albumin loss per session; 5.51 ± 0.72g vs. 0.51 ± 0.31g, p=0.008). Serious adverse events were not observed. Conclusions: This new standard efficiency OL-HDF with HCM which was innovated for themajority of dialysis patients that had limited blood flow rate could provide effectively protein-bound uremic toxin removal comparable with high-efficiency OL-HDF and could potentially provide the comparable good long-term survival as well.