Abstract:
The purposes of this research were to survey existing moral reactions of pupilsร teachers, and parents to self-directed behaviors of others, and to study the influence of six independent variables toward moral reactions to self-directed behaviors of ethers. The six independent variables are sex, religions status, region, urbanity, and family occupation. The subjects were 2,834 pupils in Pathomsuksa 6, Mathayora 3, Mathayomsuksa 5 in the 1981 academic year, teachers and parents from the five regions of Thailand namely, Bangkok, Central, Northern, Southern and Northeastern areas. The subjects were selected by using a multi-stage sampling method. The data were collected by using a questionnaire for biographical data and a moral reaction scale. The scale was constructed by the researcher following the techniques of Semantic Differential Scale and Triandis Behavioral Differential Scale. The data were analysed by using one way analysis of variance and, when-appropriate, Scheffe's method for pairwise comparisons. The results indicated that 1. Pupils, teachers9and parents showed definite positive moral reactions and did not show definite negative moral reactions to six behaviors ร diligences vigilance, self discipline, self improvement, health-cars, and self pride. 2. Pupils, teachers, and parents might show positive moral reactions and might not show negative moral reactions to ten behaviors: self confidence, self exploration, shame, setting self standards, self satisfaction, restraint in desire, self reward ,self consolation, guilt, and self punishment. 3. Pupils, teachers ,and parents could not make decision to show positive moral reactions and might not show negative moral reactions to two behaviors I self valuing, self adornment. 4. Pupils, teachers, and parents could not make decision Whether to have positive or negative moral reactions to the inability to control emotions. 5. Pupils, teachers, and parents did not show definite positive moral reactions and might show negative moral reactions to vice addiction. 6. The six independent variables significantly affected moral reactions to self-directed behaviors of other (P < .05 or beyond) The variables which produce many significant results were region, urbanity and status, respectively, and the one which produce only few significant results was religion. These results are presented below; 6.1 There were significant differences in moral reactions to self-directed behaviors for seventeen behaviors, among subjects from Bangkok, the Central, Northern Southern ,and Northeastern areas (p < .05 or beyond). 6.2 There were significant differences in moral reactions to self-directed behaviors for fifteen behaviors, among subjects from the Inner Bangkok, the suburbs, from the Amphoe Muang and Amphoe in the rural areas (p <. 05 or beyond). 6.3 There were significant differences in moral reactions to self-directed behaviors for thirteen behaviors, among Pathomsuksa 6 pupils, Mathayom 3 pupils , Mathayomsuksa 5 pupils, teachers and parents (p < .05 or beyond), 6.4 There were significant differences in moral reactions to self-directed behaviors for eleven behaviors, among subjects from different family occupations ,namely, civil service, worker, business, and employee (p < .05 or beyond). 6.5 There were significant differences between male and female subjects (p < .05 or beyond) in moral reactions to self directed behaviors for nine behaviors. 6.6 There were significant differences among Buddhist, Islam, and Christian subjects in moral reactions to self - directed behaviors for only one behavior.