Taxonomy and phylogeny of dothideomycetes in terrestrial habitats

Name: Thambugala, Kasun Madhusanka

Organization : Mae Fah Luang University

keyword: Taxonomy

LCSH: Biochemistry

Classification :.LCCS: QK95

LCSH: Plant chemotaxonomy

LCSH: Plants -- Chemotaxonomy

LCSH: Plants -- Classification

Abstract: Dothideomycetes is considered to be largest and most phylogenetically diverse class in the Phylum Ascomycota. This class is characterized by ascolocular ascoma development and bitunicate (fissitunicate) asci and taxa occur in terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats. Most dothideomycetous taxa occur in terrestrial habitats as pathogens, endophytes or epiphytes of living plants, lichens or as saprobes on decaying plant matter in leaf litter. The fungal specimens associated with various hosts in terrestrial habitats were collected from China, Germany, Italy, Russia and Thailand. They were comprehensively studied and identified. The type specimens or representative specimens of various dothideomycetous species from various herbaria were also loaned and morphologically examined. These materials were used to establish a natural placement of the species in the class Dothideomycetes, based on morphology and multigene phylogeny using ITS, LSU, SSU, EF1-α, β-tub and RPB2 sequence data. An introduction and a taxonomic history of the genera in Dothideales, their family placement, morphology, and molecular phylogeny are provided. Morphological data and DNA sequence data are examined to provide a more rational taxonomic treatment of Dothideales. The family Dothioraceae is not recognized as a distinct family and is synonymized under Dothideaceae. Neocylindroseptoria is introduced to accommodate Cylindroseptoria pistaciae as it forms a well-supported distinct clade in Dothideaceae. A new family, Aureobasidiaceae is introduced for the genera Aureobasidium, Kabatiella, Pseudoseptoria, Saccothecium and Selenophoma species. The recently introduced Sydowia eucalypti also clustered within the new family and therefore based on morphology and molecular phylogeny a new genus, Pseudosydowia is introduced for Sydowia eucalypti. Celosporium laricicola is in a distinct clade, and is placed in Dothideales genera, incertae sedis. The genera Bagnisiella, Botryochora, Coccostromella, Jaffuela, Lucidascocarpa, Mycoporis, Omphalospora, Pachysacca and Yoshinagaia are excluded from Dothideales and their placement are discussed. The classification of Lophiostoma, Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are also revisited. Accounts of these taxa, including their history, morphology, and familial placement based on molecular phylogeny, are provided. Sixteen genera including Lophiostoma, Lophiohelichrysum, Dimorphiopsis, Platystomum and Vaginatispora, plus eleven newly introduced genera Biappendiculispora, Alpestrisphaeria, Capulatispora, Coelodictyosporium, Guttulispora, Lophiopoacea, Neotrematosphaeria, Paucispora, Pseudolophiostoma, Pseudoplatystomum and Sigarispora are accepted in Lophiostomataceae. Lophiostoma caulium, Lophiostoma arundinis and Lophiostoma caudatum are accommodated in Sigarispora. Lophiostoma winteri and Lophiostoma fuckelii are placed in the genera Lophiopoacea and Vaginatispora respectively. Three Curreya species and Misturatosphaeria claviformis are transferred to a new genus, Neocurreya. All other Misturatosphaeria species except Misturatosphaeria aurantiinotata and M. uniseptata are separated in the new genera Asymmetrispora, Aurantiascoma, Magnibotryascoma, Pseudoaurantiascoma and Pseudomisturatosphaeria based on their morphological and phylogenetic affinities. Another new genus, Ramusculicola is introduced for a new collection from Thailand. These seven new genera are accommodated in a new family Floricolaceae, together with Floricola and Misturatosphaeria. Several massarina-like species are sister taxa to Amorosia littoralis and are accommodated in a new genus Angustimassarina. A new family Amorosiaceae is proposed to accommodate the genera Amorosia and Angustimassarina. The putatively named species Decaisnella formosa and Thyridaria macrostomoides form a separate clade together with a new genus Lignosphaeria which is placed in Dothideomycetes, genera incertae sedis. Fungi associated with the plant host, Tamarix were also examined. The sexual morph of the coelomycetous genus Homortomyces was collected for the first time and is described and illustrated. A new family, Homortomycetaceae (Dothideomycetes, families incertae sedis) is introduced to accommodate Homortomyces. Two new genera Neomicrosphaeropsis (Didymellaceae) and Tamaricicola (Pleosporaceae) are introduced in this study. Phoma tamaricicola was recollected and is placed in Neomicrosphaeropsis based on morphology and molecular data. Six new species, are introduced, while Alternaria tenuissima, Dothiorella sarmentorum, Neofusicoccum luteum, Paraepicoccum amazonense, Pleospora herbarum and Pseudocamarosporium propinquum are reported for the first time on Tamarix spp. with descriptions and illustrations. Multi-gene analyses show that Paraepicoccum amazonense should be placed in Pleosporineae, Pleosporales, where it is closely related to Camarosporium sensu stricto. Several herbarium specimens were studied to illustrate other fungal species recorded on Tamarix species. Grasses (Poaceae) are annual, biennial, or perennial flowering plants that are usually herbaceous and occur in almost every habitat worldwide, but are mostly prominent in terrestrial habitats with an estimated number of 10,000 species. In this study we report three new genera Phaeopoacea, Kalmusibambusa and Neoramichloridium, 33 new species, three new combinations, two reference specimens, one epitype, an asexual report and new host records or distribution records for seven species on grasses. An overview of the history, descriptions and illustrations of Allosoma, Austropleospora, Dangeardiella, Dolabra, Griggsia, Karschia Placostromella, Pleosphaerellula, Polysporidiella and Pseudotrichia are provided. Based on morphological similarities, Allosoma is placed in Englerulaceae, while Austropleospora and Karschia are transferred to Pleosporaceae, and Lichenotheliaceae, respectively. Placostromella is placed in Parmulariaceae, while Pseudotrichia is transferred to Montagnulaceae. Pleosphaerellula and Dangeardiella are placed in Pleosporales, genera incertae sedis and Polysporidiella is retained in Dothideomycetes, genera incertae sedis as it is not typical of any existing family of Dothideomycetes. According to published phylogenetic data, Dolabra belongs in Chaetothyriomycetidae, genera incertae sedis (Eurotiomycetes). Griggsia is placed in Sordariomycetes incertae sedis as it is not typical of any existing family of Dothideomycetes as it has unitunicate asci. Recollection, epitypifycation and multi-gene molecular analyses are needed for all type species of these genera in order to clarify their familial status. An overview of the history and descriptions and illustrations of these genera are provided. By illustrating and re-describing the type species we expect to stimulate interest for these fungi to be recollected.

Mae Fah Luang University

Address: CHIANG RAI

Email: library@mfu.ac.th

Name: Prapassorn D. Eungwanichayapant

Role: Advisor

Name: Kevin David Hyde

Role: Co-Advisor

Created: 2017

Issued: 2561

Modified: 2020-05-01

Issued: 2018-02-15

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: Thesis QK95 T366t 2017

eng

DegreeName: Dotor of Philosophy

Level: Doctoral Degree

Descipline: Biosciences

Grantor: Mae Fah Luang University

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