Abstract:
This research investigated the substitution of pork fat in emulsion sausage with oil containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ɷ-3 PUFA). Oil used were soybean oil (SBO), deodorized fish oil (fish oil) and non-deodorized tuna oil (tuna oil). Pork fat and oil samples were analyzed for their fatty acid compositions. The ɷ-3 PUFA and the ɷ-3 PUFA/S ratio found in each sample were: pork fat, 1.28 % by volume and 0.05; SBO, 7.48 % by volume and 0.57; fish oil, 37.92 % by volume and 1.52 ; tuna oil 35.17 % by volume and 1.27. In the second experiment, maximum quantities of oil and appropriate chopping times for the production of the three products were studied. Quantity of oil, cutting force, cooking loss and sensory quality were used as criteria to select the best quality product. The appropriate quantities of SBO : pork fat were 75 : 25 and 100 : 0, chopping time - 10 minutes ; fish oil : pork fat were 75 : 25 and 100 : 0, chopping times - 15 and 10 minutes respectively ; tuna oil : pork fat was 15 : 85 and the chopping time - 10 minutes. In the final experiment, fats from all sausage samples and that of a commercial product were analyzed for their fatty acid compositions. The ɷ-3 PUFA and ɷ-3 PUFA/S ratio of sausages containing 75 : 25 and 100 : 0 SBO / pork fat were 6.70, 7.71 % by volume and 0.39, 0.56 respectively ; those of sausages containing 75 : 25 and 100 : 0 fish oil / pork fat were 26.25, 33.19 % by volume and 0.98, 1.35 respectively. The ɷ-3 PUFA and ɷ-3 PUFA/S ratio for sausage with 15 : 85 tuna oil / pork fat were 8.06 % by volume and 0.32 while those detected for the commercial product were 1.67 % by volume and 0.06.