Abstract:
This thesis aimed at studying the design criteria of a detached breakwater to protect shoreline from erosion using experiment in a physical model. The experiment was made in the hydraulic and coastal model laboratory of the Department of Water Resources Engineering, Chulalongkorn University. The main objective of this research was to study the shoreline change and the development of an equilibrium shoreline due to the detached breakwater, and to formulate the suitable design parameters. They were the length of a detached breakwater, the gap width and the recession of the equilibrium shoreline in the hydraulic model. The physical models consist of a wave basin model, detached breakwater models, wave generator, wave height meters and the computer with A/D card for measuring wave data. The shoreline was made of fine sand with an average size 0.25 mm. The shoreline was adjusted with the angle of 15 ํ, 25 ํ and 35 ํ to the direction of the wave. The experiment varied the wave height and the wave period to givethe wave steepness 0.008-0.055 in the wave basin and set the ratio of the detached breakwater length to the gap width between 1:1-1:4. From the analysis of the shoreline change at equilibrium of each experiment, it was summarized that the recession of a shoreline depended on the wave steepness as well as the total energy passing the gap into the equilibrium bay. When compared with the crenulated equilibrium shoreline from the past experiment such as Log-Spiral and Parabolic Form, it was found that the shoreline under this study had concave it slightly less than both crenulated bays but very similar bay shape. The relationship between the recession distance of the shoreline, the deepwater wave length and the deep water wave steepness were delineated the design criteria of detached breakwater were set using design graphs. If the characteristic of deepwater wave and direction of wave were known, the breakwater length, the gap width and the recession distance could be determined.