Abstract:
To study the role of the United Nations in solving the genocidal problem in Rwanda. It concentrates on the origin of the problem including the leading role of the United Nations forces in their peacekeeping operations. The unit was the main agency in maintaining international peace and security. In addition, the study also focuses on roles of international communities participating in solving the Rwanda's genocidal crisis. The hypothesis states that the United Nations played the major role in solving the genocidal problem between Tutsi and Hutu ethnics in Rwanda during the years 1993-1994. As regards the concepts for the studies, they are the United Nations peacekeeping operations and the theory on the old colonialism. The outcome of this research showed that the basic grounds that caused the United Nations peacekeeping operations to fail in their mission because their mandate was restricted under the Sixth Article of the UN Charters in that the forces could not use arms in retaliation except in the case of self-defence. At the same time while the level of conflicts had increased, the United Nations Assistance Military for Rwanda or UNAMIR I was ordered to withdraw from that country. However, in the ensuing period, the UN again sent a superior force or UNAMIR II back to Rwanda for rehabilitation until peace returned. As regards the role of the international communities, some of the forces were not sincere or serious in peacekeeping operations. In some cases, the foreign forces even supported an ethnic force to flight against its opponent. Another cause for the ethnic problem in Rwanda was the work of the administrative policy of old colonial rulers like Germans and Belgians. By planting the idea of rights and ethnic equality among the two major ethnicities, these Western ideas caused the Tutsi and the Hutu who used to live peacefully side by side, became enemies.