Abstract:
Endoglucanases from fungi including Acrophialophora sp. Trichoderma reesei, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flovus, and Aspergillus terreus were producing using media containing banana-leaf stalk as the sole carbon source. The enzymes were produced under various conditions involving the pretreatment of cellulose sources, different nitrogen sources, supplementary nutrients and incubation temperature in order to optimize the production. Acrophialophora sp. was produced endoglucanase 1.357 U/mg in media containing banana leaf stalk was pretreated with NaOH 5%, NH₄NO3 or peptone, and soybean 1.00% T.reesei was produced endoglucanase 3.482 U/mg in media containing banana leaf stalk was pretreated with NaOH 0%, NH₄NO3, and soybeen 0.05%. Penicillium sp. was produced endoglucanase 0.615 U/mg in media containing banana leaf stalk was pretreated with NaOH 5%, NH4NO3, and soybeen 0.00%. A. flavus was produced endoglucanase 1.252 U/mg in media containing banana leaf stalk was pretreated with NaOH 5% NH₄NO3 or NH₄H2PO₄ , and soybeen 0.00%. A. terreus was produced endoglucanase 1.674 U/mg in media containing banana leaf stalk was pretreated with NaOH 5%, NH₄H2PO₄ , and soybeen 0.05%. Endoglucanase from all five fungi showed the optimum activities and stability at pH 5.0. The optimum temperature was found to be thermostable at 60 ℃. After incubating at 60℃ for 120 minutes, the remaining activities were found to be 79.55% (T.reesei), 74.73% (A.terreus), 39.65% (Acrophialophora sp.), 25.05% (A.flavus) and 38.31% (Penicillium sp.) respectively. When the enzymes were used for fabric scouring, beginning with treatment of the commercial lipase or protease to clean the surface of the cotter fabric at 37℃ for 30 minutes, followed by each endoglucanase at 60℃ for 30 minutes. The treated fabrics absorbed water instantaneously and evenly. This enzymatic scouring process also enhanced the fabric whiteness index.