Abstract:
This research aims to study the behavior and predict the settlement of cut and cover tunnel. The cut and cover tunnel was designed as the pile raft foundation with pile tip penetrated in the stiff silty clay layer with tip at 17.40 m. below ground surface, while the excavation was varied between -0.40 to -10.20 m. depth. The settlement of cut and cover tunnel is based on the data of field measuring SP-02, SP-03, SP-05, SP-07, SP-10 and SP-12. The research is also extend to the stability of sheet pile braced excavated system, pile capacity and bearing capacity of subsoil under the raft in order to verify the appropriate parameters for prediction the settlement of the cut and cover tunnel and compared with field performance. The stability analysis of sheet pile braced excavated system was based on Terzaghi (1943)'s theory. The estimated pile capacity was based on Static Method while the estimated bearing capacity was based on Terzaghi (1943)'s theory. The settlement of cut and cover was estimated by means of Finite Element Method (FEM) based on Mohr Coulomb soil modeling. The results showed that the safety factor of sheet pile system is high enough to protect heaving effect. The behavior of pile raft showed that all piles were taken over their ultimate capacity and transfer to the bearing capacity of raft foundation in soft clay. At location SP-02, SP-03 and SP-07 the applied stress on raft foundation was very high and lead to induce the Bearing Foundation Failure. At location SP-05, SP-10 and SP-12 the soil bearing capacity beneath raft foundation was able to carry the applied stress, the failure was, therefore, in the mode of Pile Foundation Failure. Based on field performance the pile length was not enough to carry the real loading on cut and cover tunnel. The analysis of settlement cut and cover tunnel by means of Finite Element Method (FEM) agrees with field performance. The appropriate E[subscript U]/S[subscript U] values are equal to 100-120, 200 and 350 for soft clay, medium clay and stiff clay respectively.