Abstract:
To examine the impacts of oil crisis to Thai economy. The study is divided into 2 parts. First part uses the input-output model to examine the change in sectoral price level when oil price increases. Second part develops a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to analyze the impacts on macroeconomic variables and the response by the Taylor's rule-type monetary policy. The results from the sectoral level show that an increase in oil price has an indirect effect to the price level of other sectors via fabricated energy. Those highly effected sectors include mining, fishering, metal, construction material, construction and transportations. At the macroeconomic level, it is found that an increase in oil price gives rise to higher inflation and lower economic output. So the use of the Taylor's rule-type of monetary policy to reduce the economic fluctuation will have to face a trade-off between inflation and output volatility. Specifically, the model indicates that the central bank should put more concern on inflation when rising oil price becomes more persistent. In addition, government price administration will not only reduce the effects on inflation and output but also the needs for monetary policy adjustment. However, such price administration has an adverse effect on social welfare. While the policy of decreasing the level of oil dependency gives the same results as price administration, it leads to smaller negative effect on social welfare.