Effects of achievement goals and mediators on deep learning processes and academic achievement of upper secondary school students : competitive analysis causal models
Abstract:
The purposes of this research were to: 1) compare the difference between achievement goals, deep learning processes and achievement of students; grouping by gender and studying program; 2) develop the model, effects of achievement goals and mediators on deep learning processes and achievement of students; 3) investigate a consistency of the model, effects of achievement goals and mediators on deep learning processes and achievement of students with empirical data between model which using 2x2 achievement goals and the model which using 3x2 achievement goals; 4) examine the effects of achievement goals and mediators on deep learning processes and achievement of students. For this research, the sample is made up of 658 high school students who are studying at schools which are under the control of Office of the Basic Education Commission, Ministry of Education. Regarding data collection, questionnaires were employed in gathering primary data. The process of the data analysis was administered by using descriptive statistic, independent samples, t-test, ANOVA, examine the effects and investigate a consistency of the model by using LISREL analysis. The major findings were as follows: 1. The mean differences of achievement goals and achievement of students grouping by gender and studying program, is significant at the 0.05 level. However, deep learning processes there has no different. 2. The model which using 2x2 and 3x2 achievement goals are coherence with empirical data. The model which using 2x2 achievement goals has x² = 5.110, p = 0.973, df = 13, x² /df = 0.393, GFI = 0.998, AGFI = 0.994 and RMR = 0.003. The model which using 3x2 achievement goals has x² = 7.497, p = 0.999, df = 25, x² /df = 0.300, GFI = 0.998, AGFI = 0.995 and RMR = 0.003, it can be seen from the x² /df value of the model which using 2x2 achievement goals is lower than the model which using 2x2 achievement goals. As a consequence, the model which using 3x2 achievement goals appears to be more coherence than the model which using 2x2 achievement goals. 3. Other approach goal, interest in the classroom and self efficacy directly impact on deep learning processes. Deep learning processes directly impacts on achievement. Task approach goal, self avoidance goal and other avoidance goal indirectly impact on deep learning processes. Self avoidance goal, other approach goal, other avoidance goal, interest in the classroom and self efficacy indirectly impact on achievement.