Abstract:
This research is entitled A Musical Analysis of Krawnai for Ranadthum Solo: A Case Study of Kru Uthai Keolaiad. The objectives of the research are to study the contexts of Krawnai Ranadthum solo, to analyze special techniques, and to study special features in musical elements of Krawnai Ranadthum solo. Never been analyzed before, this particular version of Krawnai solo is the Krawnai Sam Chun solo, which was directly passed on to Kru Uthai Keolaiad by Kru Salee Malaimarn in occasion of a musical competition. Kru Uthai performed this solo piece regularly later on. The research methodology includes collecting documents, interviews, and participant observations. The results of the study, presented in five chapters, are summarized as follows. There are six groups of Lukyon and one main melody in the following succession: Lukyon-Do, Lukyon-Re, the main melody, Lukyon-Ti, Lukyon-Mi, Lukyon-La, Lukyon-Fa, and the ending part. The scales found throughout the piece are Thang Nork, Thang Nai, Thang Klang-hab and Thang Klang. Special techniques include tee sabad (triplet) , tee sadau (one-pitch triplet), tee kratop (two-pitch stroke), tee dood (muffling), tee kayee (eight-syllable stroke), tee wan (melodramatic tremolo), tee laung naa (anticipating), tee look yoi changwa (retarding) , tee lak changwa (synchropating), tee chord farang (western harmony pattern), tee tae (four-syllable stroke), and yud siang (muting) Unique features of the piece are its complicated repeated melody, reduced melody and off-beat melody. Left hand plays a major role in this piece, and it is particularly important to practice a technique called Prakob-mue. The length of the piece required a cumulative practice to enhance musicians endurance. In addition, performing the piece requires a dexterous Ranadtum player, who possesses mastery skills of agility and accuracy of timing and position of the keys. The study of the contexts and musical elements shows that this particular Kraw Nai for Ranadtum solo is an important solo piece with valuable musical elements, and is admirable to perform.