The development of a physical education instructional model based on theory of multiple intelligences to improve physical education learning achievement of elementary school students
Abstract:
The purposes of this research were to develop a physical education instructional model based on the Multiple Intelligences Theory and to study the effectiveness of this model to improve physical education learning achievement of the elementary school students. The samples were purposively selected from Prathomsuksa Four students of Wat-bangsakaenai School, under the Jurisdiction of Bangkok Metropolis. The research procedures were divided into three phases. They were: 1) developing of a physical education instructional model by synthesizing the notions of the Multiple Intelligences Theory and merging them with the components of a physical education instructional model, 2) experimenting of this model by comparing learning effectiveness between the experimental group instructed by this model and the control group instructed by the normal method. The lesson plans and the physical education learning achievement tests which included knowledge, moral, attitudes, movement skills, and physical fitness were used as the research instruments, and 3) evaluating effectiveness of a physical education instructional model by comparing differences among mean scores from the achievement tests between experimental and control groups by using t-test at .05 level of significance. The findings were as follows: 1. The instructional model consisted of 4 parts. They were the principles, the objectives, the processes, and the measurement and evaluation. The Item Objective Congruence (IOC) analysis of this model was 0.71, which confirmed that this model was effective and could be applied. 2.The effectiveness of this model was as follows: 2.1) the students who participated in the instructional model had higher posttest scores of physical education learning achievement significantly different at .05 level than their pretest scores in knowledge, moral, attitudes, movement skills (body balance, agility, and passing ball on board) and physical fitness (sit and reach, 600 meters walking/ running, shuttle running, and standing board jump) except 30 seconds modified sit-ups; 2.2) the students who participated in this model had higher scores of physical education learning achievement significantly different at .05 level than the students who did not participate in knowledge, moral, attitudes, movement skills (body balance, agility, and passing ball on board) and physical fitness (600 meters walking/ running and shuttle running) except 30 seconds modified sit-ups, sit and reach, and standing board jump.