สุดารัตน์ มณีกร. Technological and business feasibility study of BPMistTM : an intranasally administered therapeutic vaccine for treatment of hypertension. Master's Degree(Biotechnology). King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library. : King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2011.
Technological and business feasibility study of BPMistTM : an intranasally administered therapeutic vaccine for treatment of hypertension
Abstract:
Hypertension, a disease or medical condition with which the blood pressure is
chronically elevated above 140/90 mmHg, is the most common risk factor for the
development of several life-threatening diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases
including chronic renal failure. The prevalence of hypertension in adult population was
approximately 1 billion in 2000 and was predicted to rise by 60% to a total number of
1.56 billion by 2025. Due to the high prevalence, revenue of anti-hypertensive market is
one of the largest and most profitable in the global pharmaceutical market,
approximately US$ 37.5 billions in 2009 corresponding to 5.3% compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) during 2001-2009. For Thailand, the current antihypertensive
market in 2009 was approximately 7 billions baht with 17% CAGR during 1999-2009.
Currently, several antihypertensive drugs available commercially include renin
inhibitor, Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and Angiotensin II blocker
(ARB), accounting for approximately 60% of the market. Antihypertensive drugs
generally aim at regulating or inhibiting overexpression of angiotensin II, an
intermediate of the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS). Angiotensin II is
capable of stimulating vasoconstriction and, at the same time, increasing readsorption of
mineral salts leading to an increase in blood pressure. Eventhough a large number of
antihypertensive drugs are available, treatment has not been proven entirely successful.
Failure of hypertension treatment is due principally to the burden of lifelong drug intake
with some side effects in the absence of symptoms contributing to the decline of
compliance from patients to take medication. Objective of this study was to propose the
production of a novel hypertensive treatment, BPMist TM, an intranasally administered
hypertensive vaccine containing angiotensin II genetically fused to HPV-VLPs, a carrier
and immune stimulating agent, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression system. The
vaccine administered intranasally would subsequently induce the production of antibody
specific to angiotensin II leading, subsequently, to controlled blood pressure. Since the
proposed treatment is non invasive in nature providing that no threat of blood- related
transmissible disease is of significant concern, patients' compliance should be enhanced
and, at the same time, circumvented the problem generally encountered by the
traditional hypertension treatment. Nevertheless, several research and development
activities, e.g., clinical trials as well as FDA approval, were necessary in order for the
production of BPMist? to be realized commercially. It was proposed here also that the
total investment cost of 1,254,434,752 baht was mandatory of which the budget for
further product research and development and capital investment of, respectively,
457,142,520 and 797,293,232 baht were necessary. Regarding to financial analysis with
the project lifetime of 15-year, the Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, payback
period and break-even point of this project were found to be 7,617,972,570 baht,
87.22%, 12 years and 2 months and 190,960 doses per year, respectively, indicating the
business is highly attractive for investment.